Effects of Caffeine and Stress on Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in Healthy Men and Women with a Family History of Hypertension

Bennett, Jeanette M.; Rodrigues, Isabella M.; Klein, Laura Cousino

doi:10.1002/smi.2486

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Increased catecholamine and cortisol responses to acute laboratory stressors have been reported in otherwise healthy individuals with parental histories of hypertension (e.g., Bennett et al, 2013;Covelli, 2006;Falkner et al, 1979;Fredrickson et al, 1991;Horikoshi et al, 1985). Our findings show that there are clear differences in circadian catecholamine and cortisol urinary excretion between PH1 and PH2 women as well, suggesting that the parental history difference in the level and variation of these hormones may be more than just an acute reactive phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Falkner et al, 1979; Horikoshi et al, 1985; Fredrickson et al, 1991; Covelli, 2006; Bennett et al, 2013). Our findings show that there are clear differences in circadian catecholamine and cortisol urinary excretion between PH+ and PH− women as well, suggesting that the parental history difference in the level and variation of these hormones may be more than just an acute reactive phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels and reactive dynamics of the sympathetic adrenal medullary system and hypothalamus adrenal pituitary axis have both been studied with regard to their relationship with parental hypertension. Several studies have found that otherwise healthy individuals with a parental history of hypertension exhibit an accentuated acute increase in plasma or urinary catecholamine and cortisol levels with laboratory stress tasks such as mirror image tracing, mental arithmetic, the Stroop color word conflict test, and the cold pressor test (e.g Falkner et al, 1979; Horikoshi et al, 1985; Fredrickson et al, 1991; Corvelli, 2006; Bennett et al, 2013) and with exercise (Ciolac et al, 2010). Other studies reveal that normotensive adults with a parental history of hypertension may also have higher fasting plasma levels of catecholamines (Goldstein et al, 2008; Rafidah et al, 2008) and cortisol (Matuzek and Boutcher, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential circadian catecholamine and cortisol responses between healthy women with and without a parental history of hypertension

James

Alfarano

Berge-Landry

2014

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives Previous studies suggest that otherwise healthy individuals who have a parental history of hypertension (PH+) have an accentuated reactive rise in catecholamines and cortisol to laboratory stressors as well as elevated plasma levels when compared to those with no parental history (PH−); however, few if any studies have evaluated whether parental history affects the responses of these hormones to changing environmental circumstances in everyday life. The purpose of this study was to compare urinary catecholamine (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and cortisol excretion and ambulatory blood pressures across three daily microenvironments between women with and without a parental history of hypertension. Methods The women in the study (PH+, N=62, age=35.2±9.1; PH−,N=72, age=33.8±10.0) worked in clerical, technical or professional positions at a major medical center in NYC. Urinary hormone excretion rates and ambulatory BP were measured across three daily microenvironments: work (11AM–3PM), home (approx. 6PM–10PM) and during sleep (approx. 10PM– 6AM). History group comparisons by microenvironment were made using repeated measures ANCOVA and ANOVA analyses. Results The results show that epinephrine excretion among PH+ women was 36% higher than PH− women (p<.008) over the entire day, and that nocturnal cortisol excretion was also greater among PH+ women (p<.045). PH+ women also had statistically significantly higher systolic (4 mmHg higher; p<.01) and diastolic (2 mmHg higher, p<.03) BP compared to PH− women across all daily microenvironments. Conclusion These findings suggest that there may be genetically-linked mechanisms which elevate tonic epinephrine levels and nocturnal cortisol levels that contribute to elevating circadian blood pressure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential circadian catecholamine and cortisol responses between healthy women with and without a parental history of hypertension

James

Alfarano

Berge-Landry

2014

American J Hum Biol

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“…In addition, cardiovascular responses can attenuate to repeated caffeine exposures such as daily consumption, suggesting that nonsignificant blood pressure and heart rate responses to the caffeine manipulation may be the result of habituation [31,32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine administration does not alter salivary α-amylase activity in young male daily caffeine consumers

et al. 2014

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BackgroundTo follow up on a recent report from our lab [Hum Psychopharmacol 25:359–367, 2010.] we examined the effects of caffeine on salivary α-amylase (sAA) activity in response to an engaging, non-stressful task in healthy young males (age 18–30 yrs) who consumed caffeine on a daily basis. Using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, between-subjects design, 45 men received either placebo, 200 mg or 400 mg of caffeine (Vivarin®). Participants then rested for 20 minutes, and performed a 20-minute computerized air traffic controller-like task that was cognitively engaging but not stressful. Saliva samples (assayed for sAA and cortisol), blood pressure, and heart rate were taken before (baseline) and 15 minutes after the computerized task.ResultsSystolic and diastolic blood pressure and sAA activity increased across the laboratory session (F’s > 9.20, p’s < 0.05); salivary cortisol levels decreased (F = 16.17, p < 0.05). There were no main effects for caffeine administration on sAA, salivary cortisol, or cardiovascular measures, and caffeine did not interact with the task to alter these measures.ConclusionsLaboratory administered caffeine does not alter sAA activity, even when sAA activity is stimulated by participating in a cognitively engaging task. These data demonstrate that caffeine administration does not affect sAA activity, at least in healthy young men who regularly consume caffeine. Results support recent findings that basal caffeine levels in habitual caffeine users are not associated with basal sAA activity and that daily caffeine intake and diurnal sAA activity are not related.

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“…22,23 An experimental study that explored the effects of acute caffeine on BP found no effect on DBP. 24 It is also possible that the adaptation of SBP and DBP to caffeine is different. DBP has been shown to adapt to repeated caffeine exposure, whereas SBP seems to consistently change in response to caffeine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure With Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolite Excretions

et al. 2015

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H ypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and results from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors.1 Intake of caffeinated beverages might be associated with lower cardiovascular mortality.2 Caffeine, >70% of which is provided by coffee consumption, 3 is metabolized by the liver CYP1A2 enzyme into paraxanthine (≈80%), theobromine (≈12%), and theophylline (≈4%). Caffeine and caffeine metabolites are methylxanthines: a family of nonspecific adenosine receptor antagonist with several properties, including diuretic and natriuretic properties. 4,5 The urinary excretion of caffeine and caffeine metabolites is a valid measure of caffeine intake. 6 The relation of blood pressure (BP) with caffeine and caffeine metabolites is of major interest, given their widespread consumption in foods and beverages (eg, coffee, tea, cola drinks, chocolate products) and the public health burden of high BP. Studies on the effect of acute consumption of caffeine at dietary levels on BP produced inconsistent results, 7 with a recent study restricted to nonsmokers showing a decrease in systolic BP (SBP). 8 In a crosssectional study, high reported caffeine intake was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension only in nonsmokers. 9 To date, studies on the association of caffeine and BP have been limited by the use of reported caffeine intake instead of Abstract-Intake of caffeinated beverages might be associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality possibly via the lowering of blood pressure. We estimated the association of ambulatory blood pressure with urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites in a population-based sample. Families were randomly selected from the general population of Swiss cities. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted using validated devices. Urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine excretions were measured in 24 hours urine using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We used mixed models to explore the associations of urinary excretions with blood pressure although adjusting for major confounders. The 836 participants (48.9% men) included in this analysis had mean age of 47.8 and mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 120.1 and 78.0 mm Hg. For each doubling of caffeine excretion, 24-hour and nighttime systolic blood pressure decreased by 0.642 and 1.107 mm Hg (both P values <0.040). Similar inverse associations were observed for paraxanthine and theophylline. Adjusted night-time systolic blood pressure in the first (lowest), second, third, and fourth (highest) quartile of paraxanthine urinary excretions were 110.3, 107.3, 107.3, and 105.1 mm Hg, respectively (P trend <0.05). No associations of urinary excretions with diastolic blood pressure were generally found, and theobromine excretion was not associated with blood pressure. Anti-hypertensive therapy, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol consumption modify the association of caffeine urinary excretion with systolic blood pressure. 14 in Laus...

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Effects of Caffeine and Stress on Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in Healthy Men and Women with a Family History of Hypertension

Cited by 14 publications

References 53 publications

Differential circadian catecholamine and cortisol responses between healthy women with and without a parental history of hypertension

Differential circadian catecholamine and cortisol responses between healthy women with and without a parental history of hypertension

Caffeine administration does not alter salivary α-amylase activity in young male daily caffeine consumers

Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure With Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolite Excretions

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