Effects of calcium disodium EDTA and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid on tissue concentrations of lead for use in treatment of calves with experimentally induced lead toxicosis

Meldrum, J. Blair; Ko, Kam W

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.672

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It has also been shown that combination of thiamine with CaEDTA is more effective than the respective individual treatments alone [1,29].The results of the present study show that the lowering effect of allicin on blood lead level and lead content of different tissues of sheep is superior to previous reports about thiamine [26,28,30]. Allicin is highly effective in removing lead from bone while, CaEDTA and MesoDMSA, the conventional lead chelators, were unable to decrease bone lead content when used in calves [9]. On the other hand, allicin has several advantages over those chelators; it is administered orally and effective in sheep, a ruminant with special gastrointestinal tract which usually restricts oral administration of drugs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Although these compounds are widely used as lead chelators, none are suitable in reducing lead burden in chronic lead exposures [7]. Moreover, the conventional chelators are compromised with many side effects and drawbacks and there is no safe and effective treatment available for lead poisoning [8][9][10][11]. On the other hand, none of the chelating agents are approved for use in food animals [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Allicin for the Treatment of Experimentally Induced Subacute Lead Poisoning in Sheep

Najarnezhad

Aslani

Balali-Mood

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Garlic (Allium sativum) is known to reduce lead toxicity in some species of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of allicin, one of the most active components of garlic, in the treatment of subacute lead intoxication in sheep. Nine female sheep weighing 25-29 kg orally received a daily dose of 80 mg/kg body weight of lead acetate for 5 days. The animals were then assigned into two groups. Group 1 did not receive any further treatment and was used as the control group and group 2 was treated orally by 2.7 mg/kg body weight of allicin twice daily for 7 days. Within one day following allicin treatment, group 2 blood lead levels were significantly lower than that in group 1 (mean of 616.9 microg/l and 290.02 microg/l, respectively; P < 0.05). Also, allicin treatment significantly reduced kidney lead content and considerably reduced bone and ovary lead contents. These results suggest that allicin might have some therapeutic effects on lead poisoning.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Allicin for the Treatment of Experimentally Induced Subacute Lead Poisoning in Sheep

Najarnezhad

Aslani

Balali-Mood

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Heparinized whole blood samples (0.5 ml/bird) were frozen at À808C and shipped on dry ice, along with the Pb pellets, also for Pb analysis. The method described by Meldrum and Ko [13] was used. The spiked source was acquired from Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene and tested with each run.…”

Section: Pellet and Blood Pb Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead pellet retention time and associated toxicity in northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus)

Kerr

Holladay

Jarrett

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Birds are exposed to Pb by oral ingestion of spent Pb shot as grit. A paucity of data exists for retention and clearance of these particles in the bird gastrointestinal tract. In the current study, northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) were orally gavaged with 1, 5, or 10 Pb shot pellets, of 2-mm diameter, and radiographically followed over time. Blood Pb levels and other measures of toxicity were collected, to correlate with pellet retention. Quail dosed with either 5 or 10 pellets exhibited morbidity between weeks 1 and 2 and were removed from further study. Most of the Pb pellets were absorbed or excreted within 14 d of gavage, independent of dose. Pellet size in the ventriculus decreased over time in radiographs, suggesting dissolution caused by the acidic pH. Birds dosed with one pellet showed mean blood Pb levels that exceeded 1,300 µg/dl at week 1, further supporting dissolution in the gastrointestinal tract. Limited signs of toxicity were seen in the one-pellet birds; however, plasma δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (d-ALAD) activity was persistently depressed, suggesting possible impaired hematological function.

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“…The measurement of the seminiferous tubule and volume estimation of the total testis volume will be valuable especially in the toxicological research and the determination of the environmental pollution. The environmental polluters such as pesticides and heavy metals causes disorders on the reproductive activity and the impairment on the germ cell in the testis of the mammals (Bonde, 2010;Fejes et al, 1991;Meldrum & Ko, 2003;Ince et al;Michael et al, 2007;Bailey et al, 2004). In conclusion, in this research we estimated the testicular weight, length, width, volume and the diameters of the seminiferous tubules and could not detected statistically importance in groups or between sexes (p>0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Morphological, Stereological and Histometrical Assessment of the Testicular Parameters between Holstein and Simmental Bulls

2013

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SUMMARY:The testicular measurement is important criteria for experimental researches especially in toxicological studies and the prediction of spermatogenesis. In light of this knowledge, we aimed to estimate and compare these parameters in two different kinds of cattle breeds. The gross anatomical measurements were performed by vernier caliper, volume of the testis was estimated by Cavalieri method and seminiferous tubule diameter was measured on the histological sections by software-loaded computer attached to microscope. The mean testis weight, length, width, volume, and tubule diameter of the Simmental bulls and the Holstein bulls measured as 316 g, 12.1 cm, 6.9 cm, 295 cm 3 and 226.68 µm and 299 g, 12.1 cm, 6.8 cm, 285 cm 3 and 223.44 µm, respectively. In conclusion all investigated parameters were not found statistically important in groups and between the breeds (p>0.05). The authors believed that the obtained data will contribute to the literature and facilitate future research.

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Effects of calcium disodium EDTA and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid on tissue concentrations of lead for use in treatment of calves with experimentally induced lead toxicosis

Abstract: DMSA is much more effective than EDTA in removing lead from renal and hepatic tissues in calves. Use of DMSA in calves with lead intoxication appears to be a viable treatment option. Combining DMSA and EDTA as a treatment modality in calves did not offer any advantages.

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of Allicin for the Treatment of Experimentally Induced Subacute Lead Poisoning in Sheep

Evaluation of Allicin for the Treatment of Experimentally Induced Subacute Lead Poisoning in Sheep

Lead pellet retention time and associated toxicity in northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus)

Morphological, Stereological and Histometrical Assessment of the Testicular Parameters between Holstein and Simmental Bulls

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