Effects of Calcium on the Photosynthesis of Intact Leaves and Isolated Chloroplasts of Sugar Beets

Terry, Norman; Huston, Robert P.

doi:10.1104/pp.55.5.923

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Abiad. Ca deficiency is known to influence the chloroplast integrity and therefore can influence the photosynthetic activity (Terry and Huston 1975). The observation indicated that both the landraces were showing a similar response to Ca and the adaptive mechanism were not efficient as the PI(abs) decreased around 5% after 7 DOT for both the landraces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Prompt chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for crop phenotyping: an example of barley landraces exposed to various abiotic stress factors

et al. 2018

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The study examined photosynthetic efficiency of two barley landraces (cvs. Arabi Abiad and Arabi Aswad) through a prompt fluorescence technique under influence of 14 different abiotic stress factors. The difference in the behavior of photosynthetic parameters under the same stress factor in-between cv. Arabi Abiad and cv. Arabi Aswad indicated different mechanisms of tolerance and strategies for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy for both the landraces. This study confirmed the suitability of some chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as reliable biomarkers for screening the plants at the level of photosynthetic apparatus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Prompt chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for crop phenotyping: an example of barley landraces exposed to various abiotic stress factors

et al. 2018

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“…Plants were harvested at 2-or 3-day intervals beginning on the first day of treatment. At each harvest, measurements (see references given in parentheses for descriptions of procedures) were made of: (a) the concentrations of mineral elements in the leaf blade, i.e., Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn, sulfate S and total S (6, 12); (b) Chl content per unit area of leaf (10); (c) CO2 and water vapor exchange and surface leaf temperatures of individual attached leaves (11,14); (d) photoreduction of ferricyanide and the concomitant production of ATP (noncyclic photophosphorylation) by isolated chloroplasts, and cyclic photophosphorylation using PMS as catalyst (10); and (e) 14CO2 assimilation by RuDP carboxylase extracts (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Sulfur on the Photosynthesis of Intact Leaves and Isolated Chloroplasts of Sugar Beets

Terry¹

1976

Plant Physiol.

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Effects of sulfur on photosynthesis in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L. cv. F58-554H1) were studied by inducing sulfur deficiency and determining changes in the photosynthesis of whole attached leaves and of isolated chloroplasts. The rates of photosynthetic CO2 uptake by intact leaves, photoreduction of ferricyanide, cydic and noncydic photophosphorylation of isolated chloroplasts, and the rate of CO2 assimilation by ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, decreased with decrease in total leaf sulfur from 2500 to about 500 lsg g-' dry weight. Sulfur deficiency reduced photosynthesis through an effect on chlorophyll content, which decreased linearly with leaf sulfur, and by decreasing the rate of photosynthesis per unit chlorophyfl. There was only a small effect of sulfur *deficiency on stomatal diffusion resistance to CO2 until leaf sulfur decreased below 1000 Ag g-' when stomatal resistance became a more significant proportion of the total diffusion resistance to CO2. Light respiration rates were positively correlated with photosynthesis rates and dark respiration was unchanged as leaf sulfur concentrations dedlned.after planting, according to the procedure outlined earlier (11). Plants were harvested at 2-or 3-day intervals beginning on the first day of treatment. At each harvest, measurements (see references given in parentheses for descriptions of procedures) were made of: (a) the concentrations of mineral elements in the leaf blade, i.e., Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn, sulfate S and total S (6, 12); (b) Chl content per unit area of leaf (10); (c) CO2 and water vapor exchange and surface leaf temperatures of individual attached leaves (11, 14); (d) photoreduction of ferricyanide and the concomitant production of ATP (noncyclic photophosphorylation) by isolated chloroplasts, and cyclic photophosphorylation using PMS as catalyst (10); and (e) 14CO2 assimilation by RuDP carboxylase extracts (10).Sulfur deficiency has pronounced effects on plant growth. In cotton it diminished leaf size and stem elongation, protein and soluble sugars, and caused chlorosis (2). Chloroplasts contain proteins rich in S (4) and chloroplast morphology is considerably affected by S deficiency (3,8,16). Pirson (7) concluded that S deficiency upsets photosynthesis in a profound way which, after readdition of external sulfate, can only be corrected slowly through the synthesis of new protein and Chl.Reports on the effects of S on photosynthesis are conflicting. Spencer and Possingham (9) found that S deficiency decreased the Hill reaction activity of isolated tomato chloroplasts, whereas Baszynski et al. (1) found that photosystem II activity in isolated maize chloroplasts was increased by S deficiency and photosystem I activity decreased only slightly. Further investigation on the effects of S appears warranted.The present investigation explores the effects of S on photosynthesis by following changes in net CO2 exchange of attached leaves, as well as electron transport and photophosphorylation of isolated chloroplasts, and CO2 assimi...

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“…Calcium deficiency has been reported to reduce photosynthesis (3,13,14) Chemical Analysis. The plants were harvested after 10 d, divided into top and root, and then dried for 24 h at 80C.…”

Section: Abstracimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcium deficiency has been reported to reduce photosynthesis (3,13,14) or increase the level of carbohydrates (8,18 (6), using 25-ml 80% ethanol, percolated at a rate of 1.5 ml/h. Thereafter, the starch was extracted at the same rate with 30ml 35% (v/v) HCI04 and diluted to 100 ml before analysis.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Carbohydrate Composition in Wheat and Pea Seedlings Induced by Calcium Deficiency

Veierskov¹,

Meravý²

1985

Plant Physiol.

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ABSTRACIWheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Jubilar) seedlings were grown for 10 days in hydroponics with or without calcium. In the leaves, Ca deficiency caused the level of ethanol soluble carbohydrate to increase between 2-and 10-fold, enhanced dark respiration and decreased CO2 fixation capacity. Sucrose was the major carbohydrate to accumulate in wheat roots.Calcium plays an important role in the regulation of metabolic activity in plant cells. The ion is important for the strength of the cell walls (27) and participates in enzymic reactions (e.g. 3, 9). Calcium deficiency induces enhanced flux of endogenous respiratory substrates from the vacuole to the respiratory enzymes in the cytoplasm (1), a 4-fold increase of the respiratory rate (5), and an enhanced breakdown of polysaccharide of cell walls (8). Calcium deficiency changes the level of some key enzymes in the cell wall of roots, and thereby the structure of pectic substances causing increased levels of monosaccharides (8,19).In photosynthetically active tissue, the role of calcium on carbohydrate metabolism is more obscure. Calcium deficiency has been reported to reduce photosynthesis (3,13,14) Chemical Analysis. The plants were harvested after 10 d, divided into top and root, and then dried for 24 h at 80C. The carbohydrates were extracted by the percolation method described by Hansen and M0oler (6), using 25-ml 80% ethanol, percolated at a rate of 1.5 ml/h. Thereafter, the starch was extracted at the same rate with 30ml 35% (v/v) HCI04 and diluted to 100 ml before analysis. Two percolations were made of each sample, and two measurements of each percolation. The mean of the replications was used. The content of extracted sugars was determined from a freeze dried sample of 4 ml of the ethanol extract. The ethanol soluble carbohydrates were measured by the method described by Veierskov et al. (17) based on gas chromatographic determinations of trimethylsilyl derivatives of the sugars. Chl was extracted in 10 ml 80% acetone and the absorption at 652 nm measured. For protein determination, 1 g plant material (fresh weight) was homogenized in 100 ml McIlvaine buffer (pH 6.5), centrifuged, and the protein level in the supematant was determined from 0.2 ml by Lowry's method.

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Effects of Calcium on the Photosynthesis of Intact Leaves and Isolated Chloroplasts of Sugar Beets

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Prompt chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for crop phenotyping: an example of barley landraces exposed to various abiotic stress factors

Prompt chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for crop phenotyping: an example of barley landraces exposed to various abiotic stress factors

Effects of Sulfur on the Photosynthesis of Intact Leaves and Isolated Chloroplasts of Sugar Beets

Changes in Carbohydrate Composition in Wheat and Pea Seedlings Induced by Calcium Deficiency

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