Effects of Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation on Anthropometric Measurements and Blood Pressure in Vitamin D Insufficient People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Abstract

Calcium-vitamin D3 cosupplementation can have beneficial effect on body mass index (BMI), hip circumference, and systolic blood pressure in vitamin D-insufficient type 2 diabetics.

Expression of Concern: The effects of vitamin D plus calcium supplementation on metabolic profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women at risk for pre‐eclampsia

“…However, after controlling for baseline levels, maternal age and BMI at study baseline, the changes in SBP were not significantly different between the two groups. In line with our studies, 50 000 IU week −1 cholecalciferol supplementation for 12 weeks had beneficial effect on the levels of blood pressure in patients with T2DM In addition, 50 000 IU week −1 vitamin D 3 plus 1000 mg day −1 calcium administration among T2DM patients led to a significant reduction in SBP but did not affect DBP An accurate mechanism decreasing blood pressure by vitamin D and calcium may be explained through their functions on the renin–angiotensin system, vascular endothelial function or vascular smooth muscle intracellular calcium concentrations .…”

High-dose vitamin D supplementation is associated with an improvement in several cardio-metabolic risk factors in adolescent girls: a nine-week follow-up study

“…32 We found that vitamin D supplements were associated with a significant reduction in DBP, but no effect on SBP. There is some evidence that vitamin D supplements may improve blood pressure, [33][34][35] although other studies using relatively short treatment periods or low doses of vitamin D supplements have reported no significant effects 36 particularly in individuals with sufficient serum concentrations of 25-OH vitamin D before supplementation. 37 A meta-analysis has reported a reduction in SBP of 2.44 mmHg in vitamin D-treated subjects, but no significant effect on DBP.…”

Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on blood pressure in adults: An updated meta-analysis

“…Only one of the studies was of low quality (Jadad score < 3) [25]. All studies reported randomization and blinding; however, 15 studies did not adequately explain the randomization procedure [15,24,26,27,29,31e33,35,36,38,41,43,45,51] and 11 studies did not describe the blinding procedure [28,30,34,37,39,40,42,44,46,47,50]. Only one study [25] did not report dropouts, but in most of the studies the reasons for dropouts were not mentioned.…”