Effects of canopy removal on the understory algal community structure of coastal forests of Macrocystis pyrifera from southern South America

Santelices, B.; Ojeda, F. Patricio

doi:10.3354/meps014165

Cited by 107 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…-The coast of the west Pacific margin of the Patagonian Archipelago is exposed to the oceanic waves and shows an intertidal kelp belt of Durvillea antartica (Chamisso) Harriot, 1892 and Lessonia nigrescens Bory, 1826 (see : Alveal, 1970;Romo and Alveal, 1977;Santelices, 1980;Santelices et al, 1977). This belt is associated with many species (e.g..Concholepas concholepas (Brugiere,1789), Taliepus dentatus (Milne-Edwards, 1834), Scurria scurra (Lesson, 1830), Chiton granosus Frembly, 1827, Sicyases sanguineus Müller and Troschel, 1843) which are typical of these ecological situations and that do not inhabit protected channels and sounds of the inner archipelago, determined by vast mantles of Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnaeus) C. Agardh, 1820, with a subtidal mantle of Lessonia vadosa Searles, 1973 (see Santelices and Ojeda, 1984). The distribution of these kelp belts must be taken into account in further fish studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of marine fish zoogeography of Chilean Patagonia (42º- 57º S)

Sielfeld¹,

Vargas²

1999

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: From bibliographical information on bathymetric and latitudinal distribution of 110 marine fish species of western Patagonia (42º-57ºS), the ichthyogeographic zonation of the area is discussed. The bathymetric distribution of the fish species shows a species association distributed at depths less than 100 m, a second association between 50 and 500 m, and a third association below 500 m depth. This third one is interpreted as a transitional situation of the second one, because of the scarcity of endemic species. These associations present similar latitudinal zonation patterns, including separation into a northern sector, characterized by species of lower latitudes, a southern sector with characteristic and endemic elements of that zone, and an intermediate transition sector considered as an independent association by its large extension and species composition. The Straits of Magellan represent an important faunistic exchange zone between the bottom fish communities of the Southwestern Atlantic and the Southeastern Pacific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of marine fish zoogeography of Chilean Patagonia (42º- 57º S)

Sielfeld¹,

Vargas²

1999

Sci. Mar.

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“…The only type of interaction detected was interspecific competition. Alternatively, canopy removal has also resulted in patterns of succession that do not immediately result in increased recruitment by the species removed , Santelices & Ojeda 1984a, and papers cited therein). This does not appear to be the pattern for this system (Smith 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of population dynamics and interspecific competition for harvest management of the seaweed Laminaria

Smith¹

1986

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Growth rates and population variables of the seaweeds Laminaria longicruris De la Pylaie and L. digitata (Hudson) Lamouroux were monitored from July 1980 until April 1983 within adjacent harvested and control plots in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. Faster growth rates within the harvested plot, relative to the control plot, for new recruits of both species were detected only during the first year following a September 1980 total harvest of both species. Since standing crop had nearly recovered to pre-harvest levels after 1 yr, the increased growth rate was attributed to reduced standing crop during the first year post-harvest. Analysis of the relationship between each species' summer canopy biomass and the density of the most recent year-class developing in the sub-canopy at the same time provided evidence for interspecific competition, and provided parameter estimates for the relationship. A stochastic model of this 2-species interaction using reliable data on growth, recruitment, and mortality predicts long-term persistence of both species in the absence of harvesting, or other disturbances. Following total harvest, L. longicruris is initially more abundant than L. digitata, but an increasing canopy of L. digitata diminishes the dominance of L. longicruris over a period of 3 to 5 yr.Annual harvesting of only the canopy of L. longicruris (a practical and perhaps technically preferable strategy) produces only 4 % of the yield for a total annual harvest. Annual harvesting of the canopy of L. longicruris plus L. digitata produces only 11 % of the yield for a total annual harvest. These lower yields result from a large decrease in L. longicruris growth rate with increased density. This feature diminishes the effectiveness of removing L. digitata to reduce competition with faster growing L.longicruris. The need for controlled and monitored experimental harvests to evaluate these predictions is discussed, as is the need for more functional analyses of seaweed systems.

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“…Other examples can be discerned from published studies of marine macroalgal assemblages (e.g. Pearse & Hines 1979, Kastendiek 1982, Santelices & Ojeda 1984, Edwards 1998, but this approach has not been widely applied. Classification of response groups may be particularly useful for grouping understory algae in subtidal kelp forests where, due to the synergistic effects of a floating surface canopy and a stipitate understory canopy, light regimes are highly variable in space and time (Reed & Foster 1984, Edwards 2004, the present study).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Edwards 1998, Dayton et al 1999 or groups of species (e.g. Reed & Foster 1984, Santelices & Ojeda 1984, Kennelly 1987b. One method commonly used for grouping species has been to combine those with similar morphologies (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of shade from multiple kelp canopies on an understory algal assemblage

Clark¹,

Edwards²,

Foster³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

115

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We examined the effects of shade from multiple kelp canopy layers (surface Macrocystis pyrifera canopy, understory Pterygophora californica canopy), both individually and in combination, on an understory algal assemblage in a central Californian kelp forest. The removal of both kelp canopies resulted in a dense recruitment of the understory brown alga Desmarestia ligulata that formed a third canopy layer, which significantly decreased bottom light and the abundance of understory red algae. We subsequently created an additional canopy treatment by removing this third canopy layer. In general, the understory red algae fluctuated seasonally with winter swell intensity, changes in kelp canopy cover, and grazing; and although species richness increased significantly with increased bottom light, red algal bottom cover did not respond significantly to the canopy clearings until 2 yr after the canopies were initially cleared. Red algal cover within the Pterygophora canopy treatment was similar to that in the control treatment. In the absence of Pterygophora, the Macrocystis canopy treatment and 'no canopy' treatment were found to have greater red algal cover and species richness. Individual understory species were rare, which resulted in small effects sizes and thus low statistical power. However, when grouped post hoc, according to how they responded to the canopy clearings (i.e. response groups), we were able to detect canopy treatment effects as much as 1 yr earlier. This method identified that some understory red algae adapted to areas of canopy removal (light-adapted), and others adapted to a variety of light regimes (shade-tolerant). We were able to classify the light-adapted algae into 2 subgroups: the high-light species and the intermediate-light species. Although this method of grouping was done post hoc, our results indicate that it may provide the clearest assessment of how understory algae respond to shading from kelp canopies.KEY WORDS: Canopy shading · Community structure · Kelp forest · Light-adapted · Macrocystis · Pterygophora · Red algae · Shade-tolerantResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Effects of canopy removal on the understory algal community structure of coastal forests of Macrocystis pyrifera from southern South America

Cited by 107 publications

References 7 publications

Review of marine fish zoogeography of Chilean Patagonia (42º- 57º S)

Review of marine fish zoogeography of Chilean Patagonia (42º- 57º S)

Implications of population dynamics and interspecific competition for harvest management of the seaweed Laminaria

Effects of shade from multiple kelp canopies on an understory algal assemblage

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