Effects of catch crops, no till and reduced nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen leaching and balance in three long-term experiments

Constantin, Julie; Mary, Bruno; Laurent, F; Aubrion, Gérard; Fontaine, Albin; Kerveillant, P.; Beaudoin, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.10.005

Cited by 282 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, no-till farming and cover crops have been shown to be helpful in reducing some of the negative externalities associated with corn and soybean production. However, use of some cover crops requires chemical burn down, which could lead to greater use of pesticides in the long run (Hoorman 2009) and no-till has been shown, in some cases, to increase nitrogen leaching (Constantin et al 2010). Tile drainage is considered a standard practice in corn and soybean producing regions of the Corn Belt, however, tile drainage can also have maladaptive properties, contributing to high nitrate concentrations in the Mississippi River and concomitant issues with hypoxia (Goolsby et al 1999;Oquist et al 2007), which may be further exacerbated due to more extreme storm events associated with climate change.…”

Section: Evaluating Adaptive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What would farmers do? Adaptation intentions under a Corn Belt climate change scenario

2016

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This paper examines farmer intentions to adapt to global climate change by analyzing responses to a climate change scenario presented in a survey given to largescale farmers (n = 4778) across the US Corn Belt in 2012. Adaptive strategies are evaluated in the context of decision making and farmers' intention to increase their use of three production practices promoted across the Corn Belt: no-till farming, cover crops, and tile drainage. This paper also provides a novel conceptual framework that bridges a typology of adaptation with concepts that help predict intentionality in behavior change models. This conceptual framework was developed to facilitate examination of adaptive decision making in the context of agriculture. This research effort examines key factors that influence farmers' intentions to increase their use of the practices evaluated given a climate change scenario. Twenty-two covariates are examined across three models developed for no-till farming, cover crops, and tile drainage. Findings highlight that farmers who believed they should adjust their practices to protect their farm from the negative impacts of increased weather variability were more likely to indicate that they would increase their use of each of the practices in response to climate change. Additionally, visiting with other farmers to observe their practices was positively associated with farmers' intentions to increase their use of the adaptive strategies examined. Farmers who were currently using no-till farming, cover crops, and tile drainage were also more likely to plan to increase their use of these practices in response to increased weather variability associated with climate change. However, farmers who reported high levels of confidence in their current practices were less likely to plan on changing their use of these practices in response to climatic changes.

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Section: Evaluating Adaptive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What would farmers do? Adaptation intentions under a Corn Belt climate change scenario

2016

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“…2; added N availability. Cover cropping (Jackson et al, 1993;Wyland et al, 1996;Constantin et al, 2010) and perennial grass (Woodward, 2002) also reduced the potential of nitrate leaching. Soil organic N has also been found to increase with perennial grass (Giddens et al, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Influence of Bahiagrass, Tillage, and cover crops on Organic Vegetable Production and Soil Quality in the Southern Coastal Plain

Bliss¹,

Andersen²,

Brodbeck³

et al. 2016

SAR

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Conventional farming utilizing bahiagrass (Papsalum notatum Flugge) in rotation with crops has been shown to increase yield, improve soil quality, and decrease weed and disease pressure. Organic production systems in the Southern Coastal Plain are challenged with limited soil fertility and a wide array of insect, disease, and weed pests. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sequential years in bahiagrass and tillage (conventional and conservation) on organic vegetable yield and soil indices. After 0-4 years in bahiagrass, a crop rotation of rye and oats (winter cover crop), bush beans (spring vegetable crop), soybean (summer cover crop), and broccoli (fall vegetable crop) was implemented. Vegetable crop yields, plant biomass, plant C and N, and soil C, N, and P were measured for the four crops in the rotation over a three year period. Two years or more of bahiagrass prior to initiating the vegetable crop rotation showed positive effects on vegetable crop yields and soil quality parameters. Tillage treatments did not have a consistent effect on measured parameters. Soil C was not impacted by years in bahiagrass but was influenced by years of crop production. Potential soil N and P mineralization indicated an increase of soil organic fractions with years in bahiagrass. Available N increased after cover crops, and available P decreased with increasing years in bahiagrass.

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“…The inclusion of cover crops (CC) is a promising option aimed at sustainable production of agricultural systems. The type and characteristics of these crops (e.g., root depth, release of nutrients in the rhizosphere, adaptation to climatic conditions) are key factors related to improving soil biological, chemical and physical conditions (Constantin et al, 2010;Blanco-Canqui et al, 2011;Sapkota et al, 2012).…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

Chavarría

Verdenelli

Muñoz

et al. 2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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Agricultural systems where monoculture prevails are characterized by fertility losses and reduced contribution to ecosystem services. Including cover crops (CC) as part of an agricultural system is a promising choice in sustainable intensification of those demanding systems. We evaluated soil microbial functionality in cash crops in response to the inclusion of CC by analyzing soil microbial functions at two different periods of the agricultural year (cash crop harvest and CC desiccation) during 2013 and 2014. Three plant species were used as CC: oat (Avena sativa L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) which were sown in two different mixtures of species: oat and radish mix (CC1) and oat, radish and vetch mix (CC2), with soybean monoculture and soybean/corn being the cash crops. The study of community level physiological profiles showed statistical differences in respiration of specific C sources indicating an improvement of catabolic diversity in CC treatments. Soil enzyme activities were also increased with the inclusion of CC mixtures, with values of dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis up to 38.1% and 35.3% higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. This research evidenced that CC inclusion promotes soil biological quality through a contribution of soil organic carbon, improving the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of a CC mixture of three plant species including the legume vetch increased soil biological processes and catabolic diversity, with no adverse effects on cash crop grain yield.

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Effects of catch crops, no till and reduced nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen leaching and balance in three long-term experiments

Cited by 282 publications

References 42 publications

What would farmers do? Adaptation intentions under a Corn Belt climate change scenario

What would farmers do? Adaptation intentions under a Corn Belt climate change scenario

The Influence of Bahiagrass, Tillage, and cover crops on Organic Vegetable Production and Soil Quality in the Southern Coastal Plain

Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

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