Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes mixed with increasing doses of Salix babylonica extract on in vitro rumen gas production kinetics of a mixture of corn silage with concentrate

Salem, Abdelfattah Z.M.; Buendía-Rodríguez, Germán; Elghandour, Mona M.M.Y.; Berasain, Maria Antonia Mariezcurrena; Jiménez, Francisco J Peña; Pliego, Alberto Barbabosa; Vázquez-Chagoyán, Juan Carlos; Cerrillo, María A.; Rodrı́guez, Miguel A.

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(13)60732-7

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although there have been few studies on the potential interaction effect of exogenous polysaccharide degrading enzyme and plant phytochemicals on rumen fermentation (Salem et al, 2015), the current study did not show a significant additive effect between enzyme and EO inclusion in reducing methane or improving digestibility. Nevertheless, the tendency to reduce methane without depressing organic digestibility justifies further studies on the optimal doses of cinnamon and garlic oils for practical application with poorquality roughage feed such as the Eragrostis curvula hay.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Use of essential oils in combination with fibrolytic enzymes to decrease in vitro ruminal methane production

Nel¹,

Hassen²,

Akanmu³

et al. 2021

SA J. An. Sci.

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Exogenous enzymes and essential oils (EOs) have both improved fibre digestion in ruminants, but the effect on ruminal fermentation and methane emission of combining these additives requires further evaluation. Various EOs were used in combination with an enzyme in an in vitro gas production system to measure organic matter digestibility and methane after 48 hours of incubation of Eragrostis curvula. The treatments consisted of T1) unaugmented control; T2) enzyme (cellulose-xylanase mixture, 1:1 w/w, 1.5 mL/g DM); T3) enzyme combined with Next Enhance® (cinnamaldehyde with diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide, 43:3.85 w/wt); T4) enzyme and cinnamon oil; T5) enzyme and garlic oil; and T6) enzyme with cinnamon and garlic oil, 1:1 w/w). At 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of incubation, gas production was measured, and gas samples were analysed for methane concentration. The inclusion of additives affected cumulative gas production (P <0.05), but only slightly affected methane production (P =0.05) after 48 hours of incubation. The addition of enzymes increased both gas and methane production. T5 and T6 both reduced gas production compared with T2. Combining EOs with an enzyme reduced methane production compared with T2 after 48 hours of incubation. The additives tended to increase in vitro organic matter digestibility (P =0.09), although they showed a tendency towards reduced methane production per unit of organic matter digested (P =0.07). Further studies on these enzyme and EO combinations under different doses and substrates are required to validate their efficacy for ruminant production. Keywords: cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, garlic oil, gas production, glucanase, in vitro digestibility, xylanase

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Use of essential oils in combination with fibrolytic enzymes to decrease in vitro ruminal methane production

Nel¹,

Hassen²,

Akanmu³

et al. 2021

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…() and Salem et al . (). The mode of action by which enzymes can affect digestion is still subject to speculation (Elwakeel et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of exogenous xylanase on rumen in vitro gas production and degradability of wheat straw

Norovsambuu

Cerrillo

Rodríguez

et al. 2015

Animal Science Journal

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The objective of this study was to determine effects of xylanase on in vitro gas production (GP) and in sacco degradability of wheat straw. Rumen fluid was obtained from three Mongolian native goats fitted with permanent rumen cannulas. The trial consisted of five doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 μL/g of substrate) of a commercial xylanase (Dyadic® xylanase PLUS, Dyadic International, Inc., Jupiter, FL, USA). For the in sacco degradability, different levels of xylanase enzyme were added directly onto 2 g of wheat straw in nylon bags and incubated in the rumen for 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h to estimate degradability of wheat straw. Total GP increased (P < 0.001) at all times of incubation at intermediate levels of xylanase. Methane production had a similar pattern at 3 and 12 h of incubation; increased linearly at 24 h of incubation, and was unaffected at 6 and 48 h of incubation. Rumen NH3 -N concentration increased linearly at 3 h and the highest values were observed with intermediate enzyme levels. All ruminal volatile fatty acids increased linearly with intermediate levels of the fibrolytic enzyme. The in sacco rate of dry matter degradation decreased linearly (P = 0.020) with increasing enzymes. Intermediate levels of xylanase improved rumen kinetic fermentation and degradability. The outcome of this research indicated that the application of xylanase enzyme could improve in vitro GP fermentation of wheat straw.

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“…It is well known that addition of exogenous enzymes to animal diets can improve feed utilization and animal performance by improving fibre degradation in vitro (Giraldo et al 2008;Elghandour et al 2013;Salem et al 2015), in situ (Chung et al 2012), and in vivo (Gado et al 2009Valdes et al 2015), increasing feed intake and digestion rate (Salem et al 2012a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep fed Atriplex halimus ensiled with three developed enzyme cocktails

Salem¹,

Alsersy²,

Camacho³

et al. 2015

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The effects of feeding Atriplex halimus treated with three developed enzyme cocktails to Barki sheep on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, N utilization, and ruminal fermentation were assessed. A. halimus was ensiled with two developed enzyme cocktails of ZAD1 ® (Z1) and/or ZAD2 ® (Z2) as liquid enzyme preparations (2 l/t) with 5% molasses and ensiled for 30 days. Three Barki rams (45 ± 3.2 kg) were used per treatment in five consecutive digestibility trials, while three ewes fitted with a permanent rumen fistula were used as source of inoculum for in vitro rumen fermentation trials. Barley grain (300 g/animal/day) was fed as energy supplement during the experimental trial for all diets. Five diets were composed as follows: A. halimus (leaves and stems) (D1); untreated A. halimus plus 4 g/animal/day ZADO ® (Z) (enzyme preparation in powder form) (D2); A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and barley plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D3); A. halimus ensiled with Z2 and barley (D3) plus 4 g/animal/day Z (D4); A. halimus ensiled with a combination of Z1 and Z2 (1 : 1) and barley plus 4 g/head/day Z (D5). For all trials, ad libitum A. halimus was offered twice a day at 9:00 and 16:00 h while barley grain was given once a day at 10:00 h. Both D1 and D2 diets increased (P <0.001) dry matter intake of A. halimus and total dry matter intake. Addition of 4 g/day of Z to Z1 and/or Z2 ensiled diets improved (P < 0.0001) organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities. Diets D1 and D2 increased (P < 0.001) N intake, whereas the direct addition of Z to D3, D4, and D5 decreased (P < 0.001) N balance and N balance/N absorption ratio. Sheep fed on Z in addition to Z2 ensiled A. halimus showed higher improvements for total volatile fatty acids (P < 0.001), ammonia N (P = 0.007), and microbial protein production (P = 0.003). It can be concluded that feeding sheep on A. halimus ensiled with Z1 and Z2 with direct feeding of Z enzyme preparation improved intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and utilization, as well as rumen fermentation.

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Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes mixed with increasing doses of Salix babylonica extract on in vitro rumen gas production kinetics of a mixture of corn silage with concentrate

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Use of essential oils in combination with fibrolytic enzymes to decrease in vitro ruminal methane production

Use of essential oils in combination with fibrolytic enzymes to decrease in vitro ruminal methane production

Effect of exogenous xylanase on rumen in vitro gas production and degradability of wheat straw

Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep fed Atriplex halimus ensiled with three developed enzyme cocktails

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