Effects of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin on thermochemical conversion characteristics of the selected biomass

Pasangulapati, Vamsee; Ramachandriya, Karthikeyan D.; Kumar, Ajay; Wilkins, Mark R.; Jones, Carol L.; Huhnke, Raymond L.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.036

Cited by 309 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…5. The Avicel sample, which had the highest cellulose content, started thermally degrading between 315 °C and 400 °C, which agreed with published data for cellulose degradation (Yang et al 2007;Chuayjuljit et al 2009;Pasangulapati et al 2012).…”

Section: Thermal Degradation Propertiessupporting

confidence: 90%

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Comparison of Conventional and Lignin-Rich Microcrystalline Cellulose

Vanhatalo¹,

Maximova²,

Perander³

et al. 2016

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a Three microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) samples were manufactured from bleached and unbleached softwood kraft pulp, and their properties were compared to those of the commercial MCC, Avicel PH-101. One of the produced samples retained a large portion of lignin (10.3%), while the two others retained only some. The physical, chemical, thermogravimetric, and molecular properties were analyzed. The presence of lignin caused a substantial effect on the thermogravimetric and chemical properties of the MCC, as well as on its surface characteristics. The lignin-containing sample degraded at lower temperatures, and its UV Raman spectra had a high intensity aromatic band (1600 cm -1 ) arising from the lignin. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed a high surface lignin coverage (40%) in this specimen only. Particle size and BET surface area measurement results varied in some limits between MCCs, while the cellulose crystallinity index showed almost equal values between 0.82 and 0.84. This work introduces a new wood-based product, the lignincontaining MCC, comparable in properties to the wide-marketed Avicel.

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Section: Thermal Degradation Propertiessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Bartkowiak and Zakrzewski (2004) measured the thermal degradation of kraft lignin isolated from pine, noting that degradation started above 200 °C. Pasangulapati et al (2012) observed similar results with the model compound lignin.…”

Section: Thermal Degradation Propertiessupporting

confidence: 74%

Comparison of Conventional and Lignin-Rich Microcrystalline Cellulose

Vanhatalo¹,

Maximova²,

Perander³

et al. 2016

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“…The more phenol groups in char derived from red cedar and sorghum may result from the higher lignin content in raw biomass. Vamsee et al [31] tested switchgrass and red cedar lignin content and found that the lignin content in red cedar was higher than switchgrass. All of the biomass and char samples showed a strong and broad peak at around 1000 cm −1 , which may represent phosphines, phosphine oxides, C-O-C stretching or silicon oxides [10].…”

Section: Feedstocks and Charsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biomass Feedstocks and Gasification Conditions on the Physiochemical Properties of Char

et al. 2013

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Char is a low-value byproduct of biomass gasification and pyrolysis with many potential applications, such as soil amendment and the synthesis of activated carbon and carbon-based catalysts. Considering these high-value applications, char could provide economic benefits to a biorefinery utilizing gasification or pyrolysis technologies. However, the properties of char depend heavily on biomass feedstock, gasifier design and operating conditions. This paper reports the effects of biomass type (switchgrass, sorghum straw and red cedar) and equivalence ratio (0.20, 0.25 and 0.28), i.e., the ratio of air supply relative to the air that is required for stoichiometric combustion of biomass, on the physiochemical properties of char derived from gasification. Results show that the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas of most of the char were 1-10 m 2 /g and increased as the equivalence ratio increased. Char moisture and fixed carbon contents decreased while ash content increased as equivalence ratio increased. The corresponding Fourier Transform Infrared spectra showed that the surface functional groups of char differed between biomass types but remained similar with change in equivalence ratio. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 3973

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“…Wood is a complex polymeric material that consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other components such as extractives and minerals (Pasangulapati et al 2012). The dimensional stability of wood becomes worse in wet conditions, which results in swelling of the wood and increases the risk for degradation by wood decay fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Treatment of Poplar Hemicelluloses at 180 to 220 °C under Nitrogen Atmosphere

Liang¹,

Wang²

2016

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Hemicelluloses were separated from poplar wood and exposed to thermal treatment. Changes in chemical content were investigated from 180 °C to 220 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal gravimetric analysis were used to characterize the hemicellulose before and after the thermal treatment. The effects of temperature on hygroscopicity and color were measured. The results showed that hemicelluloses were sensitive to temperature. β-glucosidic bonds and side chains in hemicelluloses were cleaved around 180 °C, and the increased temperature promoted the breaking process. Esterification reactions happened during the treatment. When the treatment temperature reached 220 °C, all side chains broke down, and partial carbonization occurred. Therefore, the color became darker, and the hydrophobicity increased. This study could help to explain the changes in wood that occur during thermal treatment.

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Effects of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin on thermochemical conversion characteristics of the selected biomass

Cited by 309 publications

References 43 publications

Comparison of Conventional and Lignin-Rich Microcrystalline Cellulose

Comparison of Conventional and Lignin-Rich Microcrystalline Cellulose

Effects of Biomass Feedstocks and Gasification Conditions on the Physiochemical Properties of Char

Thermal Treatment of Poplar Hemicelluloses at 180 to 220 °C under Nitrogen Atmosphere

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