Effects of cement kiln dust on physicochemical and geomechanical properties of loess soil, Semnan Province, Iran

Teshnizi, Ebrahim Sharifi; O’Kelly, Brendan C.; Karimiazar, Jafar; Moosazadeh, Sayfoddin; Arjmandzadeh, Reza; Pani, Aparupa

doi:10.1007/s12517-022-10751-w

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Conventional approaches to addressing red clay-related issues primarily encompass soil replacement 4,5 and chemical modification. 6 –9 Nonetheless, soil replacement proves impractical in regions with extensive red clay distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 To ensure the smooth progress of engineering projects in red clay regions, improving the soil engineering performance has always been a focal concern of academic and engineering interest, which has significant engineering practical value in mitigating geological hazards associated with red clay. 3 Conventional approaches to addressing red clay-related issues primarily encompass soil replacement 4,5 and chemical modification. [6][7][8][9] Nonetheless, soil replacement proves impractical in regions with extensive red clay distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of palm fiber on strength and crack characteristics of red clay

Chen,

Ding,

et al. 2023

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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Red clay is widespread in southern China, exhibiting undesirable properties of softening upon contact with water and cracking after losing water. Using red clay as roadbed filler frequently results in a series of geotechnical hazards such as foundation settlement and slope instability. Consequently, it is necessary to improve the engineering properties of red clay. Using natural plant fibers offers improved environmental sustainability and greater economic advantages compared to traditional methods involving lime and cement. In this study, palm fibers were used to improve the properties of red clay. The aim was to quantitatively analyze the influence of palm fiber content and length on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of red clay, study the capacity of palm fibers to inhibit soil desiccation cracking, and explore the underlying mechanisms by conducting UCS and desiccation tests. The results show that the UCS and residual strength of red clay can be significantly enhanced by palm fiber, and the soil damage form will be changed from brittle damage to ductile damage. Particularly noteworthy, the content of 0.45% palm fiber with a length of 20 mm increased the UCS by 43.4%. Palm fiber also effectively inhibited soil desiccation cracking, the content of 0.3% palm fiber with a length of 20 mm reduced the crack ratio by 54.4%. This study presents a novel approach for improving red clay, offering valuable insights for the use of palm fiber-improved red clay in road construction and slope protection projects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of palm fiber on strength and crack characteristics of red clay

Chen,

Ding,

et al. 2023

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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“…The addition of metakaolin to conventional concrete reduces its permeability to liquids. Studies found that parameters such as precursor solids, alkaline solution, and curing process significantly impact geopolymer materials' strength, chemical reaction, and permeability [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acid and Thermo-Mechanical Attacks on Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Mortar with Different Eco-Friendly Materials

Teshnizi,

Karimiazar,

Baldovino

2023

Sustainability

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This research examined how changing the ratios of certain substances affected the strength and durability of a specific type of building material when exposed to acid and heat. This study used various combinations of zeolite, metakaolin, slag, and Portland cement as primary materials. It also used different amounts of potassium hydroxide (KOH) to make the geopolymer mortar. The concentrations of KOH used were 8 M, 12 M, 14 M, and 16 M. The cement-based material had the highest water absorption. A total of 240 tests were conducted, including 20 samples for each mix design tested at curing times of 7, 14, 21, 28, and 90 days. The results showed that the samples made with slag base material and 8 M mixing design had the highest average compressive strength at 28 and 90 days in the acidic environment test, and the zeolite and metakaolin base material samples had the highest corrosion and weight loss, possibly due to their high specific surface and aluminosilicate origin. The samples made with slag-based material had better resistance and the highest average compressive strength in the 300 °C and 500 °C thermo-mechanical tests. The lowest average compressive strength in the thermal and mechanical stress test was related to the samples made with a metakaolin base material. The tests performed on the samples made with slag base material had better compressive strength than the three other base materials in the acid and heat tests. The zeolite-based mortar lost the most weight under 30% acidic sulfuric water. The findings suggest that changes in the molar ratios of alkaline activators can significantly affect the durability properties and strength of geopolymer mortar, and the slag-based material with an 8 M mixing design had the best performance; also, SEM analysis verified this mechanism.

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Improving Soft Subgrade Stability Using a Novel Sustainable Activated Binder Derived from By-Products

Jwaida,

Dulaimi,

Jafer

et al. 2024

Geotech Geol Eng

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Soft soil concerns, due to high compressibility and low bearing capacity, prompted an investigation into stabilizing clay soil. Traditionally, binder including cement or lime has been used as stabilizers though a current requirement of alternatives is stem from environmental concerns. The study focused on the viability of using a novel binary activated blended binder composed of environmentally friendly materials, namely ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) activated by cement kiln dust (CKD). The experimental work included investigating the impact of the developed binders on the Atterberg limits, standard Proctor compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. CBR tests were conducted after 7 days of curing or soaking, while UCS and SEM analyses were conducted after 7 and 28 days of curing. A fixed binder ratio of 9% was maintained, with GGBS blended at 25%, 50%, and 75% with CKD. For comparison, samples of untreated and treated soils with unary binders from GGBS and CKD were also prepared. Results indicated that activated binders notably decreased soil plasticity and maximum dry density, while elevating optimum moisture content, CBR, and UCS, especially in later stages of treated soil and unary GGBS binder. Unary CKD binder exhibited a similar trend to activated binders. The activating of 25% GGBS with 75% CKD provided the optimum binder which increased the mechanical strengths by about 6 times than untreated soil. SEM revealed substantial formations of C-S-H and C-A-H gel, along with ettringite, intensifying with time. This research provides viable outcomes for stabilizing clay soil using environmentally friendly binders, demonstrating significant improvements in soil properties, particularly when using the binary activated blended binder consisting of GGBS and CKD. Graphical Abstract

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Effects of cement kiln dust on physicochemical and geomechanical properties of loess soil, Semnan Province, Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Influence of palm fiber on strength and crack characteristics of red clay

Influence of palm fiber on strength and crack characteristics of red clay

Effect of Acid and Thermo-Mechanical Attacks on Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Mortar with Different Eco-Friendly Materials

Improving Soft Subgrade Stability Using a Novel Sustainable Activated Binder Derived from By-Products

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