Effects of Certain Antiepileptics on Behavioral and Electromyographic Seizure Patterns Induced by Maximal Electroshock in Mice

Abstract

The changes of electromyographic activity (EMG seizure) induced by maximal electroshock were studied in comparison with those of behavioral seizures in mice. In addition, the effects of certain antiepileptics on behavioral seizures and EMG seizure induced by maximal electroshock were also studied. High amplitude with high frequency EMG seizure was observed in parallel with the appearance of tonic extensor (TE) seizure and an intimate relationship was observed between the two parameters. On the other hand, to investigate the intensity of TE seizure, the product of the amplitude and the duration in EMG seizure was calculated, and the effects of antiepileptics on the magnitude of EMG seizure were investigated. As a result, a significant difference was observed at the doses of antiepileptics that showed no significant effects on the durations of TE and EMG seizures; that is, phenytoin, phenobarbital, topiramate, and carbamazepine showed significant effects on the magnitude of EMG seizure at doses of 5, 2, 10, and 5 mg/kg, respectively. From these findings, it may be concluded that this index, that is, the magnitude of EMG seizure induced by maximal electroshock, is a more reliable and highly sensitive method for the assessment of the potential activity of antiepileptics.

A Model of Binge‐Like Eating Behavior in Mice That Does Not Require Food Deprivation or Stress

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Antinociceptive effect of topiramate in models of acute pain and diabetic neuropathy in rodents

“…The animals received 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg of TP by gavage one hour before the tests. The doses selected were based on studies that evaluated the antinociceptive action of this substance, and were lower than those used as anticonvulsants in experimental models in mice (Murakami et al, 2007;Mandhane et al, 2007). glibenclamide (potassium channel antagonist, 3 mg/kg i.pSigma, USA), naloxone (opioid antagonist, 2 mg/kg i.p -Sigma, USA), morphine (5 mg/kg i.p -Cristália, BRA), ondansetron (5HT3 receptor antagonist, 0.5 mg/kg i.p -Sigma, USA) or cyproheptadine (5HT2A receptor antagonist, 5 mg/kg i.p -Sigma, USA) were administered in a saline solution as positive controls.…”

Effects of Various Antiepileptics on Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Seizures Induced by Maximal Electroshock in Mice

“…We have also reported that TE seizure induced by maximal electroshock was selectively inhibited by phenytoin, phenobarbital, topiramate, and carbamazepine, which are clinically effective in generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) (3). In addition, it has also been demonstrated that electromyographic seizure patterns recorded in the hind legs are more reliable and more highly sensitive than TE seizure to assess the potential activity of antiepileptics (3).…”