Effects of chain length and pH on the uptake and distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances in maize (Zea mays)

Krippner, Johanna; Brunn, Hubertus; Falk, Sandy; Georgii, S.; Schubert, Sven; Stahl, T.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.018

Cited by 161 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…At a nominal concentration of 2 mg/L for each individual PFAA, no significant difference was observed between the growth of exposed plants and clean plants (p ¼ 0.72; Supplemental Data, Figure S2A). This is consistent with other PFAA plant exposure studies at low concentrations [27].…”

Section: Mass Balancesupporting

confidence: 93%

Competing mechanisms for perfluoroalkyl acid accumulation in plants revealed using an Arabidopsis model system

Müller

Lefèvre

Timofte³

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) bioaccumulate in plants, presenting a human exposure route if present in irrigation water. Curiously, accumulation of PFAAs in plant tissues is greatest for both the short-chain and long-chain PFAAs, generating a U-shaped relationship with chain length. In the present study, the authors decouple competing mechanisms of PFAA accumulation using a hydroponic model plant system (Arabidopsis thaliana) exposed to a suite of 10 PFAAs to determine uptake, depuration, and translocation kinetics. Rapid saturation of root concentrations occurred for all PFAAs except perfluorobutanoate, the least-sorptive (shortest-chain) PFAA. Shoot concentrations increased continuously, indicating that PFAAs are efficiently transported and accumulate in shoots. Tissue concentrations of PFAAs during depuration rapidly declined in roots but remained constant in shoots, demonstrating irreversibility of the translocation process. Root and shoot concentration factors followed the U-shaped trend with perfluoroalkyl chain length; however, when normalized to dead-tissue sorption, this relationship linearized. The authors therefore introduce a novel term, the "sorption normalized concentration factor," to describe PFAA accumulation in plants; because of their hydrophobicity, sorption is the determining factor for long-chain PFAAs, whereas the shortest-chain PFAAs are most effectively transported in the plant. The present study provides a mechanistic explanation for previously unexplained PFAA accumulation trends in plants and suggests that shorter-chained PFAAs may bioaccumulate more readily in edible portions.

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Section: Mass Balancesupporting

confidence: 93%

Competing mechanisms for perfluoroalkyl acid accumulation in plants revealed using an Arabidopsis model system

Müller

Lefèvre

Timofte³

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…maize, lettuce) increases with decreasing Fchain length. Greater amounts are transferred from soil to the shoot or leaves, meaning greater human exposure through foodstuffs [390][391][392][393]. Shoot and fruit crops may have 1 to 3 orders of magnitude more PFBA than PFOA if the two are present equally in the soil [392].…”

Section: To Which Extent Are Short-f-chain Pfass Effective?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Krafft

Riess²

2015

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

232

122

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“…The PFAAs have been detected in fruits, vegetables, grains, and processed food products in Europe (Haug et al 2010;Herzke et al 2013) and North America (Ostertag et al 2009;Schecter et al 2010). Multiple studies have observed uptake and accumulation of PFAAs by plants from soils (Stahl et al 2009(Stahl et al , 2013Lechner and Knapp 2011;Felizeter et al 2012Felizeter et al , 2014Blaine et al 2013Blaine et al , 2014aBlaine et al , 2014bWen et al 2013Wen et al , 2014Wen et al , 2016Krippner et al 2014Krippner et al , 2015Bizkarguenaga et al 2016;Gobelius et al 2017;Navarro et al 2017). The influence of soil organic carbon on plant uptake of PFAAs has been evaluated; % organic carbon is a primary driver in PFAA availability (Blaine et al 2014b;Wen et al 2014;Bizkarguenaga et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Uptake of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Acids under a Maximum Bioavailability Scenario

Lasee

Subbiah

Thompson

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Although many studies have evaluated the fate of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in aquatic environments, few have observed their fate in terrestrial environments. It has been proposed that ingestion could be a major PFAA exposure route for humans. We determined PFAA uptake in radish, carrot, and alfalfa under a maximum bioavailability scenario. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were determined in the edible tissue of radish (perfluorobutanesulfonate [PFBS] = 72; perfluorohexanesulfonate [PFHxS] = 13; perfluoroheptanoate [PFHpA] = 65; perfluorooctanoate [PFOA] = 18; perfluorooctanesulfonate [PFOS] = 2.9; and perfluorononanoate [PFNA] = 9.6), carrot (PFBS = 5.9; PFHxS = 1.1; PFHpA = 29; PFOA = 3.1; PFOS = 1; and PFNA = 1.4), and alfalfa (PFBS = 107; PFHxS = 12; PFHpA = 91; PFOA = 10; PFOS = 1.4; and PFNA = 1.7). Some of these PFAA BCFs are as much as 2 orders of magnitude higher than those measured previously in plants grown in biosolid‐amended soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2497–2502. © 2019 SETAC

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Effects of chain length and pH on the uptake and distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances in maize (Zea mays)

Cited by 161 publications

References 25 publications

Competing mechanisms for perfluoroalkyl acid accumulation in plants revealed using an Arabidopsis model system

Competing mechanisms for perfluoroalkyl acid accumulation in plants revealed using an Arabidopsis model system

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges

Plant Uptake of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Acids under a Maximum Bioavailability Scenario

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