Effects of chewing gum on responses to routine painful procedures in children

Lewkowski, Maxim; Barr, Ronald G.; Sherrard, Adam; Lessard, Justine; Harris, A.R.; Young, Simon N.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00098-2

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Chewing sweetened gum was ineffective for older children (aged 9-11 years). 29 We concluded that sucrose is an effective analgesic intervention for infants up to 12 months of age.…”

Section: Sweet-tasting Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Eleven trials with a total of 1452 infants and children 17,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] were included in the systematic review. 12 A meta-analysis of data from six trials involving single or multiple vaccine injections (n = 665 infants up to 12 months of age) 17,[26][27][28]31,32 showed that sucrose solution with or without non-nutritive sucking reduced acute pain.…”

Section: Sweet-tasting Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reducing the pain of childhood vaccination: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline

Taddio¹,

Appleton²,

Bortolussi³

et al. 2010

Canadian Medical Association Journal

198

199

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“…Chewing sweetened gum was ineffective for older children (aged 9-11 years). 29 We concluded that sucrose is an effective analgesic intervention for infants up to 12 months of age.…”

Section: Sweet-tasting Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Sweet-tasting Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the pain of childhood vaccination: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline

Taddio¹,

Appleton²,

Bortolussi³

et al. 2010

Canadian Medical Association Journal

198

199

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Food intake can be reduced by a number of monoamines acting on noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine, and histamine receptors within the hypothalamus [20]. The rate of 40 masticating cycles per minute has been shown to increase the firing rate of serotonergic neurons in cats [21]. Moreover, thorough mastication enhances satiation independently of energy expenditure by activating neuronal histamine in the hypothalamus [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thorough mastication on postprandial plasma glucose concentrations in nonobese Japanese subjects

et al. 2005

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Thorough mastication has the potential to affect postprandial plasma glucose concentrations by improving digestibility and absorption of nutrients. To evaluate the effects of mastication on postprandial plasma glucose concentration, we compared usual and thorough mastication in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT group, n = 16) and subjects predisposed to type 2 diabetes (first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients, subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetic patients) (predisposed group, n = 10) in a crossover trial of 52 test meals. Plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations were measured for 3 hours postprandially, and the insulinogenic index (the ratio of incremental serum insulin to plasma glucose concentration during the first 30 minutes after meal) was calculated. In the NGT group, thorough mastication reduced the postprandial plasma glucose concentration at 90 minutes (5.8 +/- 0.3 vs 6.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05) and 120 minutes (5.4 +/- 0.2 vs 6.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05) and the area under the curve (AUC) from -15 to 180 minutes (19.1 +/- 0.6 vs 20.6 +/- 0.8 [mmol . L]/h, P < .05) without an increase in the AUC for insulin. In the predisposed group, thorough mastication significantly augmented plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations and the AUCs compared with usual mastication. Thorough mastication elicited a significantly higher insulinogenic index than usual mastication in the NGT group (205.0 +/- 27.6 vs 145.6 +/- 17.7 pmol/mmol, P < .05), whereas the predisposed group showed significantly less early-phase insulin secretion than the NGT group. In the NGT group the postprandial plasma glucose concentration upon thorough mastication of meal was significantly lower, most probably because of the potentiation of early-phase insulin secretion. In the subjects predisposed to type 2 diabetes, thorough mastication did not potentiate early-phase insulin secretion and elicited a higher postprandial plasma glucose concentration.

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“…In children 7–12 years old exposed to routine vaccination injections, males tended to experience more pain while chewing sweet gum, but not while holding gum in their mouths without chewing. Female subjects experienced decreased pain sensitivity while chewing sweet gum, without any effect when not chewing the gum (58). High diastolic blood pressure may be correlated to analgesia from sweet solution during a cold pressor test (59).…”

Section: Sugar Consumption and Analgesia Via The Endogenous Opioid Symentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between opioid and sugar intake: Review of evidence and clinical applications

Mysels¹,

Sullivan²

2018

J of Opioid Management

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Opioid dependence poses significant public health risks arising from associated morbidity and mortality caused by accidents, infectious disease, and social ramifications of crime and unemployment, among other complications. Opioid use, acute and chronic, is also associated with weight gain, glycemic dysregulation, and dental pathology. The literature supporting the connection between opiate use and development of preference for sweet tastes is reviewed, and further association with dental pathology, weight gain, and loss of glycemic control are considered. We discuss the impact of sweet tastes on the endogenous opioid system as well as clinical implications for analgesia and treating the opiate-dependent patient.

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Effects of chewing gum on responses to routine painful procedures in children

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Reducing the pain of childhood vaccination: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline

Reducing the pain of childhood vaccination: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline

Effects of thorough mastication on postprandial plasma glucose concentrations in nonobese Japanese subjects

The relationship between opioid and sugar intake: Review of evidence and clinical applications

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