Effects of Chinese Drugs “Xiebai” and “Dasuan” on Human Platelet Aggregation¹(Allium bakeri, A. Sativum)

Abstract

Adenosine (1), guanosine (2), and tryptophan (3), as well as beta-sitosterol beta-D-glucoside (4) were isolated from the n-butanol-soluble fraction of Xiebai, the tuber of Allium bakeri Reg., which was recognized to have an anti-platelet aggregation effect. Moreover, 1 and 2 were also isolated from the n-butanol-soluble fraction of Dasuan, the tuber of A. sativum L. Compound 1 showed a significant inhibitory activity against both the primary and secondary wave aggregation of human platelet induced by 2 microM ADP, whereas compounds 2-4 showed no or very low inhibitory effects. The structure-activity relationships on human platelet aggregation with regard to 1, 2 and their derivatives, adenosine 2'-monophosphate (5), adenosine 5'-monophosphate (6), adenosine triphosphate (7), guanosine 3'-monophosphate (8), and guanosine 5'-monophosphate (9), and guanylyl(3'----5')adenosine (10) are discussed. Compounds 5-7 and 10 also inhibited the primary and secondary wave aggregation with a dose-dependent response.

Spirostanol saponins from Chinese onion (Allium chinense) exert pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities

“…Previous phytochemical investigation has led to the identification of sulphur-containing compounds (Pino, Fuentes, & Correa, 2001), nitrogen-containing compounds (Okuyama et al, 1989) and steroidal saponins (Jiang, Wang, Yao, & Susumu, 1998;Matsuura, Ushiroguchi, Itakura, & Fuwa, 1989;Peng, Yao, Tezuka, Kikuchi, & Narui, 1996), among which steroidal saponins are believed to account for a variety of biological activities, such as antitumour (Baba et al, 2000;Yu et al, 2015), anticoagulation (Jiang et al, 1998), cardioprotective (Kuroda, Mimaki, Kameyama, Sashida, & Nikaido, 1995;Ren, Qiao, Yang, & Zhou, 2010), and cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory activities (Kuroda et al, 1995).…”

Garlic preserves patency and delays hyperthermia-induced thrombosis in pial microcirculation

“…The 75 mg/kg dose of garlic caused arterioles to withstand such thermal stress and remained patent for 30 min. et al 1981, Srivastava, 1986a, Kawakishi and Morimitsu 1988, Okuyama et al 1989. Different forms of the fruits of these plants can be used which include: fresh, dried, aqueous and oil extracts; most of which are available in abundance.…”

Old and New Natural Products as the Source of Modern Antithrombotic Drugs

“…However in some cases, major efforts only lead to the "rediscovery" of a known compound with no medicinal interest. For example, the detection of adeno sine as one of the platelet inhibitors in garlic (28, 31,66) has no real significance, either for the explanation of the mode of action of the drug, or for the development of new active molecules. The place of natural substances within the antithrombotic therapy was essential historically, and still represents a major fraction of the antithrombotic drugs used daily in the clinics.…”