Effects of chlorendic acid, a priority toxic substance, on laboratory aquatic ecosystems

Hendrix, Paul F.; Hamala, James A.; Langner, Christine L.; Kollig, Heinz P.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(83)90262-x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Before presenting the synthetic pathway, the selection criteria for the acids and their implications for the properties of the TISs were discussed. Five acids were chosen for this study: salicylic acid, chlorendic acid, 2-furoic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These acids were selected based on both their chemical and biological properties. Notably, salicylic acid and chlorendic acid demonstrated significant antifungal attributes in prior investigations [ 16 , 19 ]. Furthermore, these acids have been used, both individually and in combination, against an array of phytopathogens, thus indicating their potential efficacy in such applications [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Terbinafine and Its Ionic Salts on Certain Fungal Plant Pathogens

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Terbinafine, an inhibitor of squalene epoxidase in ergosterol biosynthesis, is chiefly utilized as an antifungal medication with potential uses in pesticide applications. This study explores the fungicidal efficacy of terbinafine against prevalent plant pathogens and confirms its effectiveness. To augment its water solubility, five ionic salts of terbinafine were synthesized by pairing them with organic acids. Among these salts, TIS 5 delivered the most impressive results, amplifying the water solubility of terbinafine by three orders of magnitude and lessening its surface tension to facilitate better dispersion during spraying. The in vivo experiments on cherry tomatoes showed that TIS 5 had a superior therapeutic activity compared to its parent compound and two commonly used broad−spectrum fungicides, pyraclostrobin and carbendazim. The results highlight the potential of terbinafine and its ionic salts, particularly TIS 5, for use as fungicides in agriculture due to their synergistic effects with furan−2−carboxylate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Terbinafine and Its Ionic Salts on Certain Fungal Plant Pathogens

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Molecules

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“…8,9 There are sewage treatment plants and waterworks in Germany (Gelsenkirchen, Bad Sassendorf), Switzerland (Regensdorf), Japan, and other countries where ozonation (by silent electrical discharge) has already been integrated in the respective treatment processes. 2,7,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The analytes' percentage of degradation is studied as well as the formation of transformation products. This large-scale application can be performed locally only via extensive and costly installations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bisphenol A (industrial product, monomer in production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate, plasticiser), atrazine (pesticide) and chlorendic acid (industrial product, flame retardant) were chosen as test substances due to their important environmental impact, their ubiquitous use, and their known stability against biological and chemical treatment. 2,7,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The analytes' percentage of degradation is studied as well as the formation of transformation products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of atrazine, bisphenol A and chlorendic acid by electrochemically produced oxidants using a lead dioxide electrode

Hermes

Knupp

2015

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Artificial waters containing the xenobiotics atrazine, bisphenol A and chlorendic acid were treated by use of micro-disinfection apparatus, based on electrochemical ozone production. The design and working principle, as well as the applicability of the apparatus for the degradation of the target compounds is presented.The initial concentrations of the analytes were chosen to be in the mg L −1 order. Degradation and transformation of the analytes was determined via LC-MS, UV/Vis, and IC. Bisphenol A was degraded completely within short ozonation times, but complete mineralization could not be achieved. Ion chromatography indicated formic and oxalic acid to be transformation products. For atrazine a degradation of 96% could be achieved within 3 h. Intermediate transformation products, like desethylatrazine, desisopropylatrazine, and desethyl-desisopropylatrazine, are formed and further degraded to formic acid and chloride. Chlorendic acid was degraded by up to 40% of the initial concentration. Analyses by UV/Vis and IC again showed formic acid, chloride, and also chlorate to be transformation products.Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol. This journal isWater pollution by xenobiotics is a problem of significant environmental impact. Promising advanced oxidation techniques for water and waste water treatment, that can operate efficiently and sustainably, are still needed. In this paper we present a new small-scale device for electrochemically ozone production, which is able to degradate organic pollutants effectively in aqueous media. The effect of different ozone contact times were studied and degradation products are characterised. Purified water in small amounts (mL to L range) might be of great importance for medical and pharmaceutical use in areas, where no regular water or waste water treatment is possible, e.g. deserts, developing countries.

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“…Few studies have investigated its mobility in the environment; however, compounds with a similar structure are persistent in the subsurface (Yang et al, 2005;Iwata et al, 1993). CA is considered toxic because it inhibits algal growth at around 0.6 mM (250 mg/L), is carcinogenic, and affects organ function in rats (Hendrix et al, 1983;NTP, 1987). The combination of toxicity and persistence have resulted in the ongoing consideration of chlorendic acid to be included in various toxic substances lists, though it is not yet listed in many cases since it does not bioaccumulate (ECHA, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting contaminant transformation by heat-activated persulfate

Zrinyi¹

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Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) involves the injection of persulfate (S2O8 2-) into the subsurface to remediate contaminated groundwater and soils. Although S2O8 2does not react with contaminants to an appreciable extent, it can be activated into stronger oxidants (e.g., SO4 • and • OH) by heat, alkaline solutions, dissolved iron and ironcontaining minerals. The objective of the research described in this thesis is to explore the influence of temperature and background solutes on contaminant transformation by heat-and mineral-activated S2O8 2-. Through the transformation of benzoic acid (a model organic compound) and chlorendic acid (a flame retardant), it was discovered that temperature affects not only the rate of contaminant transformation but also the transformation pathway and distribution of byproducts. Solution pH, alkalinity, and chloride also influence the rates of persulfate activation and contaminant degradation.These novel understandings may help improve the design and operation of S2O8 2--based remedial systems.

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Effects of chlorendic acid, a priority toxic substance, on laboratory aquatic ecosystems

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

The Effect of Terbinafine and Its Ionic Salts on Certain Fungal Plant Pathogens

The Effect of Terbinafine and Its Ionic Salts on Certain Fungal Plant Pathogens

Transformation of atrazine, bisphenol A and chlorendic acid by electrochemically produced oxidants using a lead dioxide electrode

Factors affecting contaminant transformation by heat-activated persulfate

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