Effects of chlorocholine chloride on pubertal development and reproductive functions in male rats

Hou, Xiaohong; Hu, Hong; Xiagedeer, Bayindala; Wang, Pengmin; Kang, Chenping; Zhang, Qi; Meng, Qinghe; Hao, Weidong

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.024

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…CPF. All treatments were given orally using gastric gavage from postnatal day 23 (PND23) to PND60 (Hou et al., 2020). All rats were weighed once a week, and dose volumes are adjusted according to weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iprodione and chlorpyrifos induce testicular damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis and suppression of steroidogenic‐ and spermatogenic‐related genes in immature male albino rats

et al. 2021

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The fungicide iprodione (IPR) and the insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) are concurrently applied for early disease control in fruits and other crops. However, there are no available data about the impacts of their co‐exposure. Additionally, IPR and CPF are known as endocrine disruptors that can cause reproductive toxicity. The outcomes of their co‐exposure on the development of male reproductive organs are still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the risk of exposure to these pesticides, particularly on the postnatal development of the male albino rat reproductive system from postnatal days 23–60. The results revealed that a single IPR or CPF exposure has harmful consequences on the reproductive development and function manifested by reduced testicular weight, serious changes in sperm characteristics, reproductive hormone level imbalance, testicular enzymes, oxidative stress and apoptosis‐related enzymes, which correlated with transcription levels of steroidogenic‐ and spermatogenic‐related genes. Histopathologically, both compounds caused severe damage in the testis and accessory glands architecture. Notably, co‐exposure to IPR and CPF in rats caused more serious damage, indicative of an additive effect than individual exposure, so concurrent exposure should be avoided as it is more hazardous, especially on male fertility.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iprodione and chlorpyrifos induce testicular damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis and suppression of steroidogenic‐ and spermatogenic‐related genes in immature male albino rats

et al. 2021

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“…Presently, a growing body of research indicates potential effects of chlormequat on mammalian reproduction. Experimental evidence showed that chlormequat might restrain the puberty onset and impair the reproductive functions in male rats through the HPT axis and disturb the sperm motility through PP1γ2 [20,21]. Notably, Xiagedeer et al have demonstrated that maternal exposure to chlormequat chloride at an acceptable daily intake (ADI) level during pregnancy disrupts normal embryo growth processes by elevating embryonic growth hormone levels [22,23].…”

Section: Residue Of Chlormequat In Astragali Radixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix

Qin,

Xie,

Zang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Presently, the utilization of chlormequat in Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (Leguminosae) cultivation is prevalent for augmenting rhizome (Astragali Radix) yield. However, indiscriminate and excessive chlormequat employment can detrimentally influence Astragali Radix quality and safety. This research aimed to comprehensively comprehend chlormequat risks and its influence on Astragali Radix metabolites. Diverse chlormequat concentrations were employed in Astragalus mongholicus cultivation, with subsequent analysis of residual chlormequat levels in Astragali Radix across treatment groups. Astragali Radix metabolic profiling was conducted through UPLC-QTOF-MS, and thirteen principal active components were quantified via UFLC-MS/MS. Findings revealed a direct correlation between chlormequat residue levels in Astragali Radix and application concentration, with high-dose residue surpassing 5.0 mg/kg. Metabolomics analysis identified twenty-six distinct saponin and flavonoid metabolites. Notably, the application of chlormequat led to the upregulation of seven saponins (e.g., astragaloside I and II) and downregulation of six flavonoids (e.g., methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside and astraisoflavan-7-O-β-d-glucoside). Quantitative analysis demonstrated variable contents of active ingredients due to differing chlormequat concentrations, leading to astragaloside I increase (14.59–62.55%) and isoastragaloside II increase (4.8–55.63%), while methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside decreased (22.18–41.69%), as did astraisoflavan-7-O-β-d-glucoside (21.09–47.78%). In conclusion, chlormequat application influenced multiple active components in Astragali Radix, causing constituent proportion variations. Elevated chlormequat concentrations led to increased active components alongside heightened chlormequat residues in Astragali Radix. Consequently, prudent chlormequat application during Astragali Radix production is imperative to avert potential detriments to its quality and safety.

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“…Several contaminants have been shown to reduce the weight of seminal vesicles and prostate by either directly inducing degenerative histoarchitectural changes or indirectly via inhibition of the testicular production of testosterone, the major growth factor of accessory sex glands (Hou et al, 2020;Riad, Abd-Rabo, Abd El Aziz, El Behairy, & Badawy, 2018;Sugantha Priya et al, 2017). In a rodent model, exposure to BPA and octylphenol (OP) resulted in atrophic tubules and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate gland (Ahbab, Barlas, & Karabulut, 2017), while cadmium-induced vasoconstriction and degenerative cellular changes in the seminal vesicles and prostate (Sayed, Hassanein, & Senosy, 2014).…”

Section: Impac T Of Environmental Contaminants On Pros Tate and S Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental contaminants and male infertility: Effects and mechanisms

et al. 2020

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The global incidence of infertility has risen to 15% in contrast to 7%-8% in the early 1960s (Mascarenhas, Flaxman, Boerma, Vanderpoel, & Stevens, 2012). Over the past several decades, a significant deterioration in male reproductive health has been reported in association with increased industrialisation, which has contributed to a massive release of synthetic pollutants into the environment (Rim, 2017; Skakkebaek et al., 2016). The concerns over declining male reproductive health were elicited by one of the landmark publications by Carlsen et al., which revealed a worldwide reduction in the average sperm count to half between 1940 and 1990 (Carlsen, Giwercman, Keiding, & Skakkebaek, 1992). These findings prompted several scientists, mainly Swan et al. to re-evaluate the trend in semen quality over time in different regions throughout the world and eventually confirmed a significant decrease in sperm concentration in western countries (Swan, Elkin, & Fenster, 1997). Incidentally, a parallel increase in the occurrence of testicular cancer and congenital abnormalities (cryptorchidism and hypospadias) were reported in several countries (Ferguson & Agoulnik, 2013; Hutson, 2000). These observations prompted researchers to explore the potential role of common environmental factors in causing a decline in male reproductive health. In 1993, it was hypothesised that the growing incidence of male reproductive anomalies could be due to exposure to chemicals possessing oestrogenic property (Sharpe & Skakkebaek, 1993).

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Effects of chlorocholine chloride on pubertal development and reproductive functions in male rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Iprodione and chlorpyrifos induce testicular damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis and suppression of steroidogenic‐ and spermatogenic‐related genes in immature male albino rats

Iprodione and chlorpyrifos induce testicular damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis and suppression of steroidogenic‐ and spermatogenic‐related genes in immature male albino rats

Residue of Chlormequat and Regulatory Effects on the Specialized Metabolites of Astragali Radix

Environmental contaminants and male infertility: Effects and mechanisms

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