Effects of cholesterol and fat modification of self-selected diets on serum lipids and their specific fatty acids in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic humans.

Flynn, Margaret; Nolph, G B; Sun, Grace Y.; Navidi, Meena; Krause, G. F.

doi:10.1080/07315724.1991.10718132

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It has been well established, in human (11) and animal (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) studies, that diets high in cholesterol and saturated fatty acids can significantly elevate plasma cholesterol levels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis. The hypercholesterolemia and changes in lipoproteins induced by diet are associated with the high incidence of coronary artery disease seen in the U.S. population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice heterozygous and homozygous for apolipoprotein E gene disruption.

Zhang¹,

Reddick²,

Burkey³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

225

189

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With the aim of establishing whether a genetically reduced capability of producing apolipoprotein E (apo E) can affect atherogenesis, we have compared the consequences of dietary stress on normal mice and on mice heterozygous or homozygous for a disrupted apo E gene. A dramatically accelerated development of lesions occurred in the vasculature of the homozygous mutants as a result of feeding an atherogenic diet for 12 wk, and extensive deposition of lipidfilled macrophages was found outside the cardiovascular system. In nine heterozygotes fed the atherogenic diet for 12 wk, the amount of apo E in their total plasma lipoproteins increased to a level comparable to normal, but all nine developed much larger foam cell lesions in their proximal aorta than those found in 3 of 9 normal mice fed the same diet. The other six normals had no lesions. Our study demonstrates that heterozygous mice with only one functional apo E gene are more susceptible to diet-induced atherosclerosis than are normal, two-copy mice. Genetically determined quantitative limitations of apo E could, therefore, have similar effects in humans when they are stressed by an atherogenic diet. (J. Clin. Invest. 1994. 94:937-945.)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice heterozygous and homozygous for apolipoprotein E gene disruption.

Zhang¹,

Reddick²,

Burkey³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

225

189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Group 1 participants consumed the lean (Wagyu) beef during the first period, whereas Group 2 participants consumed the fattier commercial beef during the first period, but there was no difference between groups in weight loss (P> 0.25). Others (23)(24)(25)(26)(27). We did observe a nonsignificant depressioil in linoleic acid in those subjects consuming the Wagyu beef.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Beef Consumption Increases Apolipoprotein A-I but Not Serum Cholesterol of Mildly Hypercholesterolemia Men with Different Levels of Habitual Beef Intake

Smith

Wood

Tseng

et al. 2002

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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The objective of this research was to compare the effects of a lean beef enriched in oleic acid to a beef that is typical of the commercial beef consumed in the United States. Ten mildly hypercholesterolemic men, ages 34-58 years old, were selected from the Texas A&M University faculty and staff. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two diets for a 6-week duration followed by a crossover after a 4-week habitual diet washout period. Diets were consumed daily for a 6-week study period. Participants substituted lean beef obtained from Wagyu bullocks or commercial beef for the meat typically consumed. Total cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B, triacylglycerols, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured in serum samples collected weekly. Beef type had no effect on any measured variable. There were no significant differences between baseline HDL or LDL cholesterol concentrations after the consumption of the beef test diets. Apolipoprotein A-I, serum glucose, and uric acid concentrations were elevated by the additional dietary beef. Analysis of records of customary diets indicated that one group consumed 160 g of beef daily, whereas the other group consumed only 26 g of beef daily. Therefore, post hoc analyses tested the habitual beef intake x treatment time interaction. LDL cholesterol concentration was markedly higher in the group with low habitual beef Intake (180 vs 144 mg/dl), and HDL cholesterol was slightly higher (44 vs 40 mg/dl; post-test values) than for the group with high habitual beef intake, but there were no habitual intake x time interactions for LDL or HDL cholesterol. Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations also were greater in the individuals habitually consuming less beef. This study had three important findings: i) a lean beef source enriched with oleic acid was no different from commercial beef in its effect on lipoprotein fractions; ii) neither previous level of beef intake nor baseline LDL cholesterol concentration influenced the serum cholesterol response to added dietary beef. which was negative; and iii) apolipoprotein A-I, but not HDL or LDL cholesterol, was sensitive to the additional dietary beef.

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“…Dietary fat source has also been shown to have no effect on plasma cholesterol levels in atherosclerosis-susceptible pigeons in the absence of dietary cholesterol (Lofland et al 1961). Furthermore, human subjects consuming self-selected diets containing butter or margarine have been reported to exhibit no specific effect of consuming a butter diet on plasma cholesterol levels (Flynn et al 1991). Other studies conducted with individuals with normal lipoprotein profiles have also reported no effect of 16 : 0 on either total or LDL-cholesterol when consumed in the absence or presence of very-low-cholesterol diets (Sundram et al 1995).…”

Section: Esfect Of Dietary Fat Blends On Plasma Lipid Projlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary cholesterol and fat source on atherosclerosis in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

1997

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The Japanese quail has been used as a model of human atherosclerosis to investigate the mechanisms underlying the development of vascular lesions, i.e. hyperlipoproteinaemia and impaired endogenous antioxidant status. In the present study, Japanese quail were fed on semipurified diets containing butter, beef tallow or soyabean-oil blends, with either 0.5 or 5 g cholesterol/ kg for 9 weeks to examine the effects of dietary fat blends varying in fatty acid composition and cholesterol intake on plasma lipids and aortic atherosclerotic plaque and sterol composition. These findings were related to possible diet-induced changes in antioxidant status of selected tissues.Hypercholesterolaemia was confirmed (P < 0.001) in birds fed on high-cholesterol (HC) diets.Plasma total cholesterol concentration and cholesterol content of lipoprotein fractions in hypercholesterolaemic birds were lower (P < 0.05) in quail fed on the soyabean-oil blend. Plasma triacylglycerol content was increased (P

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Effects of cholesterol and fat modification of self-selected diets on serum lipids and their specific fatty acids in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic humans.

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice heterozygous and homozygous for apolipoprotein E gene disruption.

Diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice heterozygous and homozygous for apolipoprotein E gene disruption.

Increased Beef Consumption Increases Apolipoprotein A-I but Not Serum Cholesterol of Mildly Hypercholesterolemia Men with Different Levels of Habitual Beef Intake

Influence of dietary cholesterol and fat source on atherosclerosis in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

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