Effects of Cigarette Smoking across Three Generations and of Perceptions of the Smoking-Cancer Relationship on the Cigarette Smoking Status of Turkish University Students

Abstract

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15 (11), [4527][4528][4529][4530][4531][4532][4533] IntroductionSmoking is among the most important preventable mortality and morbidity causes that adversely affect human health through his/her life starting from the fertilization period. Smoking was determined to be a risk factor for six out of eight diseases, with cancer being in the first place, that cause deaths the most across the world. 4.9 million people die of tobacco consumption every year, and as long as the existing smoking pattern continues, 10 million people are estimated to die of smoking in 2020, and 70% of these deaths are estimated to take place in the developing countries. Cigarette consumption progressively rises in Turkey as in other developing countries (WHO, 2005; WHS, 2012). While 32% of males and 8% of females older than 15 years of age smoke cigarette across the world, 33.4% of people aged 18 years and over, 47% of males and 15% of females older than 15 years of age smoke cigarette across Turkey. Turkey ranks third in Europe and seventh among the countries in the world in terms of AbstractBackground: This descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to investigate effects of cigarette smoking across three generations and perceptions of the smoking-cancer relationship on the cigarette smoking status of Turkish university students. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised of 434 university students studying in different departments of a university. Data were collected using a socio-demographic data collection form and the Decisional Balance Scaleqand evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test, CHAID and multiple regression analyses. Results: The average age of the students participating in the study is 19.6+.5.0, some 11.3% of the students reporting that they smoked cigarettes. No statistically significant relationship was ascertained between the cigarette smoking statuses of the students based on the cigarette smoking status of their grandparents (p=0.144). but there was alink to that of their parents (p=0.002). The difference between the cigarette smoking ratios of the students based on their perceptions of smoking-cancer relationship was statistically significant (p<0.001). Believing that there is a relationship between smoking and cancer decreased likelihood of cigarette smoking 3.7 fold. Cigarette smoking by grandparents, and believing that there is a relationship between smoking and cancer, and cigarette smoking by parents explained 8.3% of the cigarette smoking status of the students. Conclusions: While cigarette smoking by grandparents only indirectly influences cigarette smoking by the students, believing that there is a relationship between smoking and cancer, and cigarette smoking by parents are influential variables in determining cigarette smoking by Turkish students.

Gender Differences in Marital Disruption among Patients with Cancer: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

“…At the same time, marital disruption can increase the risks of an unhealthy lifestyle, which may include increased alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking, reduced physical activity, and an unhealthy diet. Such changes can subsequently increase the risk of recurrence and comorbidity and jeopardize survival (Doyle et al, 2006;Ozturk et al, 2014).…”