Effects of climate variables on the incidence of scorpion stings in Iran for five years

Abstract

Background: Although scorpionism is recorded worldwide, some regions such as Iran present a higher incidence. Due to the great prevalence of scorpion stings in Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran, the present study examined the relationship between different climate parameters and the scorpion sting rate in this area from April 2010 to March 2015. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, we considered all scorpion sting cases recorded in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Data were analyzed using statistics, frequency distribution and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 104,197 cases of scorpion stings was recorded from 2010 to 2015. The cumulative incidence of scorpion sting was 2.23%. The spatial distribution of scorpion stings showed that most cases occurred in the Dehdez district (4,504 scorpion stings/100,000 inhabitants) and the Masjed Soleyman county (4,069 scorpion stings/100,000 inhabitants). A significant association was found between climate factors (temperature, evaporation rate, sunshine duration, humidity, and precipitation) and the scorpion sting rate. An increase in rainfall and humidity coincided with a reduction in scorpion stings whereas an increase in temperature, evaporation, and sunshine duration was accompanied by a growth of scorpion stings. No significant correlation was found between wind velocity/direction and the incidence rate of stings. Moreover, the seasonal peak incidence of scorpion stings was recorded in summer (an average of 8,838 cases) and the lowest incidence was recorded during winter (an average of 1,286 cases). The annual trend of scorpion sting cases decreased during the period from 2010 to 2015. Conclusion: Climate variables can be a good index for predicting the incidence of scorpion stings in endemic regions. Since they occur mostly in the hot season, designing preventive measures in the counties and districts with a high incidence of scorpion stings such as Dehdez and Masjed Soleyman can minimize mortality and other burdens.

A Hybrid Approach Based on Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Neural Network Autoregressive Models to Predict Scorpion Sting Incidence in El Oued Province, Algeria, From 2005 to 2020

“… 5 Some provinces in Algeria and some affected regions in Iran and Turkey recorded incidences falling within this range and even higher. 8 , 9 Males represented slightly more than two-thirds of reported cases; a similar pattern is observed in the affected provinces of the country. 10 - 12 Similar conclusions have been reached in studies performed in Iran and Morocco.…”

Genome-wide identification, structural homology analysis, and evolutionary diversification of the phospholipase D gene family in the venom gland of three scorpion species

“…Each year, a variety of symptoms, including local pain, sweating, vomiting, delirium, anxiety, necrosis, inflammation, muscle paralysis, even hematuria, and extended edema following scorpion sting, are announced by the Iranian Ministry of Health [ 3 , 4 ]. Many studies have been conducted to find the major contributing factor that causes these symptoms, most of which are based on identifying venom compounds.…”

Toxicity Mechanism of Dangerous Scorpion Stings in Iran

“…In addition, the same treatment cannot be used to treat all species sting, in one area and for all patients. Therefore, it is not possible to use the same treatment approach for the clinical management of all species in the same area and for all people ( 15 , 16 ).…”