Effects of Cofiring Coal and Biomass Fuel on the Pulverized Coal Injection Combustion Zone in Blast Furnaces

Kim, Gyeong-Min; Choi, Jae Hyung; Jeon, Chung-Hwan; Lim, Do Young

doi:10.3390/en15020655

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The results are shown in Figure 7. When the woodchip percentage increasing, the amount of CO2 decreased due to the effect of volatile combustion [7], and the amount of volatile components in biomass structure was higher than coal [6]. The amount of SOx has in the same trend as the amount of CO2 because the sulfur component in the woodchip is lower than coal.…”

Section: Effect Of Biomass To Coal Feeding Ratiomentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For the multiphase interaction, the drag model used in this study is the Gidaspow drag model, as shown in equation (5), combines Wen and Yu for the dilute phase behavior and the Ergun drag model for the dense phase behaviour [ 14] . The heat transfer between the granular and gas phases is calculated using the Gunn model, as shown in the equation (7), to determine the Nusselt number for interphase heat transfer between gas-solid fuel and gas-sand [17].…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This reduction in carbon and sulfur content contributes to a lesser impact on the environmental scope when biomass is used in combustion processes. The fuel feeding ratio of coal and biomass was conducted in Kim et al , [ 7] They found that when the ratio of biomass increased in the fuel feeding of a laminar flow reactor, the amount of carbon monoxide increased along the tube due to volatile combustion. The trend of unburned carbon (%UBC) decreased due to the volatile component being higher in the large ratio of biomass to coal feeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Biomass Fuel Feeding Ratio in Co-firing Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Sorathan Tanprasert,

Nuttima Rangton,

Warunee Nukkhong

et al. 2024

ARNHT

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Nowadays, our global population is on a notable rise, coupled with an annual surge in energy consumption. The prevailing reliance on fossil fuels, especially in electricity generation, has significantly contributed to environmental pollution and exacerbated global warming. The circulating fluidized bed, distinguished for its continuous operation and effective heat transfer in the combustion chamber, emerges as a prominent boiler type. Furthermore, the use of biomass fuel, recognized for its renewable and environmentally friendly characteristics, presents an attractive option. Hence, exploring a co-firing system incorporating both coal and biomass as fuel feeds for the boiler holds promise, necessitating optimization for efficient energy production and reduced gas emissions. This study employs computational fluid dynamics to simulate the intricate interactions of solid fuel and flue gas reactions within the boiler, utilizing the two-fluid method for multiphase flow simulation. The circulating fluidized bed boiler in focus employs subbituminous coal, woodchips as biomass sources, and sand as the bed material. Model validation against operational data, including bed temperature, flue gas velocity outlet, and carbon dioxide mass fraction, indicates minimal deviation. Examination of the biomass ratio's impact on fuel feed reveals a reduction in sulfur dioxide emissions with an increasing biomass ratio, attributed to the lower sulfur content in woodchips compared to coal. However, a heightened woodchip blending ratio results in diminished boiler efficiency due to the altered heating value of the mixed solid fuel. The optimized biomass-to-coal ratio in fuel feeding is determined as 59.15%, achieving a maximized boiler efficiency of 82.84% and minimized pollution gas emissions of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide in accordance with industrial standards.

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Section: Effect Of Biomass To Coal Feeding Ratiomentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Biomass Fuel Feeding Ratio in Co-firing Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Sorathan Tanprasert,

Nuttima Rangton,

Warunee Nukkhong

et al. 2024

ARNHT

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“…At the same time, the content of fractions of ground L1 that passed through the 1 mm and 90 μm sieves is 100% and 26.5%, while this con-tent for fractions of waste woody biomass is 98.9% and 5%, respectively. For this reason, the CO emission increases with the increase in the proportion of biomass in the mixture with L1 -see also [20], [23], [25]- [27]. This phenomenon is linked to a higher proportion of volatiles in both types of biomass.…”

Section: A Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental Research on The Co-firing of Mixtures of Lignite, Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in The Direction of Energy Sector Transition

Hodzic

Kadic

2023

EJENERGY

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Decarbonization of the energy sector is a necessary but long-term process. It includes at least partial substitution of fossil fuels using renewable and alternative fuels. However, this substitution, apart from not always being possible, is often accompanied by limitations and unknowns. Those unknowns are dominantly related to the possibility of establishing stable, highly efficient and low-waste combustion as a fundamental process of primary energy conversion from fuel. Such situations are very common considering the necessity of decarbonization in a very large number of fossil fuel-based energy plants, especially coal-based ones. The possibility of establishing an energetically, economically and environmentally acceptable combustion process is a function of a number of variables, of which the collective properties of the fuel, including the ash from that fuel, are dominant in this sense. With the motive of a scientific contribution to the energy transition, and with the aim of obtaining new knowledge about the characteristics of the combustion of lignite coals with different types of biomass, a set of laboratory research was carried out. Various mixtures of lignite, waste woody biomass and Miscanthus as a fast-growing energy crop were subjected to combustion. With a change in the composition of the fuel mixture, the tests were performed at a process temperature of 1250 °C and with a staged supply of combustion air. With these combustion conditions, the emission of undesirable components into the environment, the efficiency of combustion and the ash estimated tendency of fouling of the boiler heating surfaces were determined. It has been shown that even with co-firing at a temperature of 1250 °C, it is possible to establish a efficient process with an acceptable content of unburnt carbon in the slag (unburnt carbon content, UBC<4%) as well as CO emissions (eCO≤340 mg/mn3), a relatively low emission of nitrogen oxides eNOx≤670 mg/mn3. Also, the process proved to be well controlled from the aspect of possible ash slagging in the furnace. The net emission of CO2 decreases in proportion to the share of biomass in the mixture, while the emission of SO2 is high, at the level of eSO2≤2500 mg/mn3.

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“…The efficiency of the combustion process of various solid fuels, including the level of emission of undesirable and harmful components of flue gases into the environment, depends on a number of factors, the key ones being: type and properties of fuel, mechanical preparation of fuel, coefficient of excess air and the method of supplying that air to the reaction zone and combustion temperature. Therefore, there is still a very pronounced lack of even basic knowledge about the combustion characteristics of different fuels in different process settings (Sami, Annamalai & Wooldridge 2001, Demirbas 2004, Yuan et al 2021, Kim et al 2022. This deficiency is particularly pronounced for low-value, low reactivity, high-ash and solid fuels prone to soiling of heating surfaces and their mixtures (Kurose, Ikeda & Makino 2001, Zevenhoven et al 2012, Hurskainen & Vainikka 2016, Jenkins 2020.…”

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confidence: 99%

Co-firing of coal and woody biomass under conditions of reburning technology with natural gas

Hodzic

Kadic

2023

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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It is a continuous imperative to establish the most efficient process of conversion of primary energy from fuel through combustion, which also has the least possible harmful effect on the environment. In this time of expressed demands for decarbonisation, it also means the affirmation of the use of renewable fuels and the indispensable application of appropriate primary measures in the combustion furnace. At the same time, the efficiency of the combustion process depends on several factors, from the type and properties of the fuel to the ambient and technological settings for the process. In this regard, with the aim of determining the static characteristics of combustion, experimental laboratory research was carried out on the combustion of mixtures of brown coal with low heating value and a high ash content with waste woody biomass and different process conditions: temperature, staged combustion air supply (air staging) and in conditions of application of a third or additional fuel (natural gas, reburning technology). Applied experimental methods included the analysis of the combustion process on the basis of input (reactants) - output (products), including the analysis of the composition of flue gases, i.e. the determination of the emission of the key components of flue gases CO2, CO, NOx and SO2, as well as the analysis of the composition of slag, ash and deposits ash, i.e. assessment and evaluation of the behaviour of ash from fuel in that process. Based on the obtained research results, this paper shows the significant positive effects of the application of primary measures in the furnace - compared to conventional combustion: air staging - reduction of net CO2 emissions during co-firing with biomass and reduction of NOx emissions by up to 30%; reburning technology - additional reduction of CO2 and NOx emissions in proportion to the share of natural gas, e.g. at a combustion process temperature of 1350 °C and at a 10% energy share of natural gas during the co-firing of a mixture of brown coal and waste woody biomass, compared to the emission without the use of natural gas, a reduction of NOx emissions by 185 mg/mn3 or by almost 30% was recorded. It was concluded, at the same time, the application of these primary measures in the furnace does not negatively affect the behaviour of ash from the fuel in the given settings of the combustion process.

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Effects of Cofiring Coal and Biomass Fuel on the Pulverized Coal Injection Combustion Zone in Blast Furnaces

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of Biomass Fuel Feeding Ratio in Co-firing Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Impact of Biomass Fuel Feeding Ratio in Co-firing Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Experimental Research on The Co-firing of Mixtures of Lignite, Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in The Direction of Energy Sector Transition

Co-firing of coal and woody biomass under conditions of reburning technology with natural gas

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