Effects of Complex Electromagnetic Fields on Candida albicans Adhesion and Proliferation on Polyacrylic Resin

Abstract

(1) Background: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of several sessions of the antibacterial protocol of complex electromagnetic fields (CMFs) on planktonic Candida albicans and fungal ability, after treatment with CMFs, to adhere and proliferate on acrylic resin materials. (2) Methods: Planktonic overnight cultures of Candida albicans were subjected to different entities of CMFs treatments. Four test groups were compared: “p1”: treated only with the first program of the antibacterial protocol; “p1–p5” subjected to the first five programs; “1 antibacterial” received one complete session of the protocol and “2 antibacterial” received two complete sessions. After the treatments, the number of colony forming units (CFUs) were recorded. Then, C. albicans broth cultures were cultivated on polyacrylic resin discs and evaluated for CFUs and subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. (3) Results: Microbiological analysis showed that CMFs promoted a significant reduction of C. albicans CFUs when the protocol “p1–p5” was applied. No statistically significant differences between test groups were observed if the time of exposure to CMFs was increased. SEM observations and CFUs showed that CMFs treatments have the ability to reduce C. albicans adherence and proliferation on discs. (4) Conclusions: The CMFs showed an antifungal effect as well as a decrease in C. albicans adhesion on polyacrylic resin.

The alternating 50 Hz magnetic field depending on the hydrophobicity of the strain affects the viability, filamentation and sensitivity to drugs of Candida albicans

“…albicans colony-forming units (CFUs) as well as a decrease in C . albicans adhesion on polyacrylic resin [ 28 ]. Another study, in which Helicobacter pylori was undergone the low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-AMF), did not show any decrease in the cell viability and moreover, ELF-AMF did not affect mature biofilm.…”

“…In turn, an application of a millisecond magnetic field (PEMF) resulted in a loss of pathogenic C. albicans ATCC14053 viability of up to 21% [27]. In the study of Petrini et al (2021) the complex electromagnetic fields (CMFs) showed an antifungal effect on C. albicans colonyforming units (CFUs) as well as a decrease in C. albicans adhesion on polyacrylic resin [28]. Another study, in which Helicobacter pylori was undergone the low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-AMF), did not show any decrease in the cell viability and moreover, ELF-AMF did not affect mature biofilm.…”

Complex Electromagnetic Fields Reduce Candida albicans Planktonic Growth and Its Adhesion to Titanium Surfaces

“…Magnetic field lines are applied at a 90 degree angle to the sample under treatment. Each step of the programs is focused on a specific fungal function to be interfered with [23].…”

Complex magnetic fields represent an eco-sustainable technology to counteract the resistant Candida albicans growth without affecting the human gingival fibroblasts

“…The alternating magnetic field of 50 Hz affected the C. albicans viability, representing a new strategy for Candida infections 19 . D’Ercole et al, in previous two studies, demonstrated significant antimicrobial/anti-virulence actions of different CMF programs against C. albicans ATCC 10231, suggesting to better investigate the effect against clinical resistant C. albicans strain 20 , 21 . Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was twofold: (1) to evaluate the anti-biofilm effect of two different CMFs programs (STRESS and ANTIBACTERIAL) against a clinical resistant C. albicans strain, and their effect on the fluidity and permeability membrane changes; (2) to evaluate the effects of two different CMFs programs on gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) in order to verify if this technology exerts an effective antifungal activity against biofilm, without damaging gingival fibroblasts.…”