Effects of compound growth regulators on the anatomy of Jujube Leaf and Fruit

Abstract

Effects of three compound growth regulators formulated with hypersensitivity protein, spermidine, salicylic acid and DA-6 (diethyl aminoethanol hexanoate) were tested on Xinjiang Jun Jujube. The doses of compound growth regulators were named as A (Hypersensitivity protein + spermidine + salicylic acid at the rate of 30 mg/L, 0.1 mmol/L and 0.25 mmol/L, respectively), B (Hypersensitive protein + spermidine + DA-6 at the rate of 30 mg/L, 0.1 mmol/L and 30 mg/L, respectively) and C (Spermidine + salicylic acid + DA-6 at the rate of 0.1 mmol/L, 0.25 mmol/L and 30 mg/L, respectively) versus a control group CK (contained only water). Fruit anatomical structures were compared after spraying. The results indicated that after spraying, the thickness of the upper and lower epidermal cells and the stratum corneum were increased. However, the upper epidermal stratum corneum became significantly thicker than the lower epidermis. Spraying with A improved the thickness of upper and lower epidermal cells, stratum corneum, the central vein and mesophyll. The cumulative effects of all these changes in leaf and fruit anatomical structures provided the resistance of the experimental fruit plant to stress. While the B and C regulators had inhibitory effects. So, the results obtained after spraying A category were beneficial to improve the stress resistance of the fruits. The length and cell area of pericarp and sarcocarp cells in the treatment groups were not changed significantly. But the length, number of sarcocarp cells and number of gaps were lower than those in the CK. This study can provide new measures for improving plant resistance in jujube production.

Mechanism of salt tolerance in the endangered semi-mangrove plant Barringtonia racemosa: anatomical structure and photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics

“…The anatomical analysis in this study observed that the thickness of palisade tissue and spongy mesophyll signi cantly increased or did not change signi cantly under salt treatments (especially ≤ 30‰), which could lead to these photosynthesis and uorescence variation under salt stress. Because that thick palisade tissue could improve the photosynthetic e ciency of leaves 35 , large veins and parenchyma cells could help leaves to improve water transport e ciency and water storage capacity, respectively 36,37 . Furthermore, in previous study, the anatomical structure of roots and stems of plants are related to the salt tolerance 38 .…”

Mechanism of salt tolerance in endangered semi-mangrove plant Barringtonia racemosa: anatomical structure, photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics

“…The anatomical analysis in this study observed that the thickness of palisade tissue and spongy mesophyll signi cantly increased or did not change signi cantly under salt treatments (especially ≤ 30‰), which could lead to these photosynthesis and uorescence variation under salt stress. Because that thick palisade tissue could improve the photosynthetic e ciency of leaves 35 , large veins and parenchyma cells could help leaves to improve water transport e ciency and water storage capacity, respectively 36,37 . Furthermore, in previous study, the anatomical structure of roots and stems of plants are related to the salt tolerance 38 .…”

Advances in Roles of Salicylic Acid in Plant Tolerance Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

“…It is generally held that SA plays vital roles in plant stress tolerance. SA's main roles in plant tolerance to stresses can be summarized as following: the activation of plant defense mechanisms [2,[11][12][13][14], the improvement of photosynthesis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the regulation of plant normal growth and development [8,19,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], and the enhancement of plant tolerance to drought [9,11,[31][32][33][34][35][36], cold [37][38][39], heat [36,[39][40][41][42], salt [43][44][45][46][47][48], and heavy metal stresses [49][50][51]…”

“…It was also generally considered that SA can be involved in the regulation of normal growth and development of plants [8,19,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. For example, SA can promote the differentiation of blossom buds, thus directly enhancing flowering [70,71].…”