Effects of constant environmental temperatures of 10°C and 31°C on serum biochemical and hematologic measurements of heat-tolerant and cold-tolerant cattle

Kim

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

et al. 2017

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of adding water to total mixed ration (TMR) on fresh water intake, nutrient digestibility, wool cortisol, and blood indices in Corriedale ewes under hot and humid conditions.MethodsNine non-pregnant Corriedale ewes (ave. body weight = 41±3.5 kg) were individually fed diets based on maintenance requirements in metabolic crates. Ewes were assigned to three treatment groups according to a triplicate 3×3 Latin Square design for 3 periods of 21 days duration each (9 ewes per treatment, 27 replications). Treatments were TMR (crude protein [CP] = 16.1, total digestible nutrients = 69.1%) moisture levels for 40%, 50%, and 60%.ResultsNo differences were found in body weight gain among all treatment groups (p>0.05). Nitrogen balance including digestible N, retained N, and urinary and fecal N showed no change among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Fresh water intake was the lower in 50% TMR moisture group than in the other groups (p<0.05). Other than ether extract which was higher in 60% TMR moisture group (p<0.05) the differences among nutrient digestibilities including CP, organic matter, dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and non-fiber carbohydrate were not significant (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed for serum protein, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, and triglyceride among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Wool and blood cortisol were not different among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Blood hematology including red blood cell, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, basophils, and eosinophils were not different among the treatment groups (p>0.05).ConclusionIt is concluded that TMR moisture at 40%, 50%, and 60% had no effects on N balance parameters, and nutrient digestibilities except for the ether extract under hot and humid conditions. Additionally there were no effects on stress conditions include wool cortisol, as well as blood cortisol levels of ewes.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of water addition to total mixed ration on water intake, nutrient digestibility, wool cortisol and blood indices in Corriedale ewes

Kim

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

et al. 2017

Egyptian Journal of Animal Production

“…Results indicated that heat stress caused a significant variation in Hb and Ht in both sheep and goats. Tables (4 and 5) reveal that exposure to direct solar radiation decreased significantly Hb and Ht, this reduction may be due to the destruction of erythrocytes at high ambient temperature (Olbrich et al 1972). Reece (1991) reported that the reduction might be due to reducing the circulating RBCs in peripheral circulation to check metabolism and metabolic heat production, most probably by increasing storage in spleen.…”

Section: Haematological Traitsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Homeostatic Mechanisms of Desert and Nondesert Sheep and Goats Under Harsh Environmintal Conditions

Hassanien

Shehab-El-Deen

Khalifa

2011

This experiment was carried out to compare heat tolerance of the local Sinai sheep and goats with those of Nile delta breeds (Rahmani sheep and Baladi goats). Twenty animals (5 male of each group) were used in this study. The age of sheep and goats ranged between 12-18 months. The coat of each animal (wool or hair) had been shorn to maintain its lengths constant at about 1.5-2 cm throughout the study period. All the animals were exposed daily to direct solar radiation (DSR) from 12:00 h to 15:00 h for 7 successive days in August. The averages ambient temperature and relative humidity were 31.75 o C and 46%, respectively during this study. Data on the following parameters were collected: rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit value (Ht), thyroid hormones levels (T 3 and T 4) and acid-base balance (pH and HCO 3) before and after exposure to DSR. Results indicated that, exposure of animals to DSR increased significantly (P<0.05) RT, RR and pH and decreased significantly Hb, Ht, T 3 , T 4 and HCO 3 irrespective of breed. With respect to breed differences, changes in RT, HT, T 3 and HCO 3 after exposure to DSR were significantly lower in sheep compared to those in goats. Moreover, location of breed affected the studied traits. Sinai breeds had higher changes in RT, RR, T 3 , pH and HCO 3 compared to Nile delta breeds irrespective of sheep and goats. From this experiment, it could be concluded that, Sinai originated breeds of sheep and goats may have more tolerance to heat stress due to direct exposure to solar radiation than Nile delta originated breeds.

Journal of Animal Science

“…Following the research of French (1940), other scientists reported significant differences in nutrient utilization between various breeds of cattle (Duckworth, 1946;Howes, 1963;Vercoe, 1967;Schneider and Flatt, 1975). Phillips (1960), Berman (1963), Post (1965) and Olbrich et al (1972Olbrich et al ( , 1973 suggested that considerable genetic variation exists in nutrient metabolism. Lemenager et al (1980), Ferrell and Jenkins (1984) and Solis et al (1988) conducted research studies to demonstrate genetic variation in energy requirements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Animal Breeds and Breeding to Overcome the Incidence of Grass Tetany: A Review

Greene

Baker

Hardt

1989

British breeds of cattle are not so effective as Zebu in extracting nutrients from low-quality roughages, and these breeds differ in their nutrient metabolism and animal physiology. Breeds of cattle may differ in their requirements for Mg. Brahman cows are less susceptible to death from disease and metabolic disorders than are British breeds of cattle, whereas cows with 50% or greater dairy breeding (Holstein and Jersey) are more susceptible than British or Brahman breeds when maintained in beef production herds. Brahman or Brahman crossbred cows are less susceptible than other breeds to metabolic disorders such as grass tetany. Magnesium absorption has been shown to be greater in Brahman than in Jersey, Holstein and Hereford cows. These differences in the efficiency of Mg absorption between different breeds of cows may be due to genetic variation in the absorptive mechanisms of Mg, in feeding behavior, in gastrointestinal tract motility, in gastrointestinal tract fill or to some combination.