Effects of contract-relax stretching training on muscle performance in athletes

Händel, M.; Horstmann, Thomas; Hh, Dickhuth; Gülch, R. W.

doi:10.1007/s004210050268

Cited by 95 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, Bazett-Jones et al (1) found that a six week static stretching program did not result in improved flexibility and did not improve 55-m sprint time or vertical jump height. Handel et al (7) however found that an eight week PNF stretching training program achieved statistically significant gains in quadriceps and hamstring flexibility in young males of 3.1 and 4.6 degrees respectively after four weeks and 5.6 and 6.3 degrees after eight weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The training program used by Handel et al (7) involved ten minutes of PNF stretching on the two relevant muscles three times a week for eight weeks. These three studies are characterized by a large number of stretching cycles, yet recent evidence from ultrasound studies suggests that changes in visco-elastic properties occur within a small number of stretching cycles (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of a Four-Week Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Program on Isokinetic Torque Production

Higgs¹,

Winter²

2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flexibility is widely accepted as an important component of fitness, yet flexibility training can be detrimental to muscle performance particularly where a high number of stretch cycles are performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chronic PNF stretch training could successfully improve the knee flexion range of motion without having a detrimental effect on the peak isokinetic torque of the quadriceps. The minimum knee angle in flexion and the peak isokinetic quadriceps torque was measured at 120 and 270 degrees per second. Subjects then participated in a four week quadriceps flexibility training program consisting of three cycles of PNF stretching performed three times a week. The range of motion was recorded before and after the first stretching session of each week. At the end of the four week period the peak isokinetic quadriceps torque and flexibility was again measured. The mean (standard error) improvement in the knee flexion range of motion over the whole programme was 9.2 (1.45) degrees, typical gains following a single stretching session were around three degrees. Post-hoc analysis showed that the pre training session range of motion was significantly improved in Week 4 compared to the pre training session range of motion in Weeks 1 and 2 (p<0.05). There was no change (p=0.9635) in the peak isokinetic torque produced at 120 degrees per second (Week 1: 121.9 (4.6) N.m; Week 2: 121.9 (5.2) N.m) or at 270 degrees per second (Week 1: 88.1 (3.4) N.m; Week 2: 88.6 (4.9) N.m). These findings suggest that it is possible to improve flexibility using three PNF stretch cycles performed three times a week without altering muscle isokinetic strength characteristics.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Four-Week Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Program on Isokinetic Torque Production

Higgs¹,

Winter²

2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Yuktasir and Kaya 34 evaluated the delayed effect of static stretching and in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), in which they confirmed that there are not alterations of this valence after the intervention program. Handel et al 35 cite maximal torque improvement compared with the control group, observing increase of concentric work of the flexor and extensor muscles of the knee. The authors also observed increase of the number of sarcomeres in series.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeitos agudos e crônicos de um programa de alongamento estático e dinâmico no rendimento em jovens atletas do futebol

Gonçalves

Pavão

Döhnert

2013

Rev Bras Med Esporte

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Stretching is a therapeutic technique and may be used as a form of warm-up to increase flexibility or decrease pain throughout the movement, with objective to improve performance and reduce the risk of injury. Objective: To verify the acute and chronic effects of a program of static stretching compared with the dynamic one in performance of young soccer athletes. Methods: Randomized clinical study of equivalence carried out between August and November, 2010 with the under-17 category of the Grêmio Torrense club. After fulfilling the inclusion criteria, the athletes were randomly allocated into two groups: static stretching or dynamic stretching. All of them underwent an initial evaluation and were submitted to the first intervention. They were evaluated once again and at the end of 12 training sessions as well. Flexibility, impulse, speed, strength and muscle recruitment valences were evaluated. Results: The long jump has significantly improved in the two study groups; however, this improvement persisted in the chronic phase only in the static stretching group (p = 0.02). Flexibility increased significantly in both groups in the acute phase, but it only occurred in the static group following this improvement in the chronic phase (p = 0.03). The two examples of stretching led to decrease in performance in the velocity test. No improvement was observed in the hamstrings muscle strength throughout the study period in the two groups. Electric activity of hamstrings significantly decreased in the acute phase for the static stretching group (p = 0.035), while it significantly increased in the chronic phase in the dynamic stretching group (p = 0.038). Conclusion: It could be concluded that static stretching improves flexibility and long jump, while dynamic stretching improves muscular activation.

show abstract

“…Foi escolhida a frequência de três vezes por semana, pois esta foi encontrada diversas vezes na literatura pesquisada e também se mostrou efetiva para aumento de flexibilidade (2,7,9,19,20) . Precedido à intervenção, realizou-se o aquecimento na bicicleta ergométrica, sem carga, durante cinco minutos, com o intuito de prevenir lesões que poderiam ser causadas pelo alongamento (1,3,19,21) . Chan et al (19) realizaram, em seus grupos de intervenção de alongamento estático dos músculos isquiotibiais, aquecimento com duração de cinco minutos, igualmente ao presente estudo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência do número de séries e tempo de alongamento estático sobre a flexibilidade dos músculos isquiotibiais em mulheres sedentárias

Milazzotto

Corazzina

Liebano

2009

Rev Bras Med Esporte

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMoIntrodução e objetivo: Os exercícios de alongamento são frequentemente utilizados em programas de reabilitação e na área desportiva, porém, a duração ideal e o número de séries ainda não foram determinados. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de 10 séries de 30 segundos e três séries de três minutos de alongamento estático passivo na flexibilidade dos músculos isquiotibiais, comparando diferentes volumes de alongamento dentro de 10 minutos. Além disso, verificar se existe diferença entre os dois programas de alongamento ao término do protocolo e após cinco meses. Métodos: 25 mulheres (17 a 25 anos) foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo GC (controle), G30 e G3. O G30 alongou 10 X 30 segundos e o G3 3 X 3 minutos. O alongamento foi realizado por meio de um sistema de polias, utilizando-se 10% do peso corporal da voluntária. Este protocolo durou 6 semanas. As mensurações foram feitas no início do protocolo (Av1), após seis semanas (Av2) e após cinco meses (Av3). Foi mensurada a amplitude de movimento (ADM) de extensão do joelho com 90º de flexão do quadril. A análise de variância (Anova) com dois fatores cruzados de medidas repetidas foi usada com nível de significância de 5% (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na ADM de joelho entre 30 segundos (G30) e três minutos (G3) após seis semanas (Av2) (p > 0,05) e após cinco meses (Av3) (p > 0,05). Tanto o G30 quanto o G3 apresentaram aumento da flexibilidade ao término do protocolo (Av1xAv2) (p < 0,05) e após cinco meses (Av1xAv3) (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Dez séries de 30 segundos e três séries de três minutos podem aumentar a flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais e manter a flexibilidade adquirida após cinco meses do término da intervenção.Palavras-chave: técnicas de fisioterapia, alongamento passivo, amplitude de movimento articular, treinamento. aBStRaCtIntroduction and objective: Stretching exercises are largely used in rehabilitation programs, but the ideal duration and the number of sets have not been determined yet. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 10 sets-30 seconds and 3 sets-3 minutes of static stretch on flexibility of hamstring muscles, comparing different volumes within 10 minutes. Moreover, to verify the difference between the two stretching programs. Method: 25 women (17 to 25 years old) were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: group GC (control), G30 and G3. G30 stretched 10 X 30 seconds and G3 3 X 3 minutes. In all volunteers the stretching was performed by a pulley system, using weight corresponding to 10% of their body weight. This protocol took 6 weeks. Measurements were taken at the beginning of the protocol (Av1), after 6 weeks (Av2), and after 5 months (Av3). Flexibility of the hamstring was determined by measuring knee extension range of movement (ROM) with 90º of hip flexion. A two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (Anova) was used and significance level was set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was no statistically significant difference between 30 s...

show abstract

Effects of contract-relax stretching training on muscle performance in athletes

Cited by 95 publications

References 21 publications

The Effect of a Four-Week Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Program on Isokinetic Torque Production

The Effect of a Four-Week Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Program on Isokinetic Torque Production

Efeitos agudos e crônicos de um programa de alongamento estático e dinâmico no rendimento em jovens atletas do futebol

Influência do número de séries e tempo de alongamento estático sobre a flexibilidade dos músculos isquiotibiais em mulheres sedentárias

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About