Effects of copper and decreased salinity on survival rate and development of Tridacna gigas larvae

Blidberg, Eva

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2004.03.095

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Salinity, on the other hand affects survival. According to Blidberg (2004), T. gigas larvae had a significantly higher survival at ambient salinity of 32 psu than at lower salinities. The stable environment in Carbin Reef resulted in the continuous growth and high survival of clams.…”

Section: Water Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and survival of hatchery-bred giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in an ocean nursery in Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines

et al. 2009

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To restore the diminishing population of the giant clam Tridacna gigas in Sagay Marine Reserve (SMR), Negros Occidental, central Philippines, two size classes [8-and 10-cm shell length (SL)] of hatchery-bred T. gigas were reared in an adjacent ocean nursery for restocking to Carbin Reef later upon reaching grow-out size of C20 cm SL. Growth rates did not significantly differ for both sizes and were on average 0.67 cm month -1 . However, survival after 382 days of rearing T. gigas was significantly higher in the 10-cm SL clams than the 8-cm SL clams (96 and 83%, respectively). For future restocking projects, the use of 8-cm SL clams is recommended because the lower survival of this size class is compensated by its cheaper price. While rearing the clams to attain grow-out size, the population of wild clams (Family Tridacnidae) in Carbin Reef was assessed using ten 50 9 2-m belt transects. Four species of tridacnid clams have been recorded: Hippopus hippopus, Tridacna crocea, T. maxima, and T. squamosa. T. crocea comprised 12.5-93.9% of all the clams observed in all ten transects. There was a significant difference in clam density between species (ANOVA, F = 6.94, P \ 0.001), with T. crocea having the highest density. Living T. gigas were absent, but presence of dead shells was indicative of its presence in the reef in the past. It can be expected that the release of hatchery-bred T. gigas juveniles in Carbin Reef could provide future breeders that will repopulate this reef and the adjacent reef communities.

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Section: Water Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and survival of hatchery-bred giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in an ocean nursery in Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines

et al. 2009

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“…Salinity is an important abiotic factor that affects growth and survival of marine organisms (Bohle, 1972;Blidberg, 2004;Dame, 2012). Changes in external salinity can cause osmotic stress in marine animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in external salinity can cause osmotic stress in marine animals. In giant clams, exposure to 20 and 25% affected the survival rate of 4-day-old Tridacna gigas Linnaeus, 1758 larvae, and larval development was delayed (Blidberg, 2004). Filtration activity and absorption efficiency were reduced in T. squamosa Lamarck, 1819 (Blidberg et al, 1999) and T. gigas (Maboloc et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress responses of zooxanthellae in juvenile Tridacna gigas (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) exposed to reduced salinity

2015

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Storm events are common in tropical regions and predicted to increase in frequency and intensity attributed to climate change. The iconic giant clams thriving in shallow coral reef areas in the IndoPacific region could experience salinity fluctuations during these events characterized by extreme precipitation. Given the limited ecotoxicological studies on the effects of osmotic stress in tridacnids, this study investigated the acclimatization potential to different salinities i.e., 18, 25, and 35% (control) for 14 days in juvenile Tridacna gigas. Results showed significant decrease in the chlorophyll a concentrations in giant clams at 18%. This may be caused by the marked increase in number of degenerating zooxanthellae. Chlorophyll c and carotenoid concentrations were also significantly reduced at 18%. The zooxanthellae density decreased significantly on Day 1 in both low salinity treatments, although bleaching was not observed. Symbiont cell enlargement was also observed at both low salinity treatments, affecting pigment concentrations at 18% but not at 25%. This study shows that zooxanthellae in giant clams were affected at 18 and 25%, but exposure to the latter displayed acclimation response as indicated by recovery in the various measured parameters after 14 days of exposure.

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“…; Alcazar et al . ; Blidberg ). As a result, even minor fluctuations in survival significantly influence culture productivity (Gwyther & Munro ; Officer et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental and physical factors include water turbulence and substrata preferences (Gwyther & Munro ; Heslinga et al . ; Braley ), salinity (Blidberg ), sunlight (Beckvar ) and temperature (Lucas et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors relevant to pre‐veliger nutrition ofTridacnidae giant clams

Waters

Lindsay²,

Costello

2014

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Tridacnid giant clams are of commercial interest for their nutritional, economic, and ecological significance throughout the Indo‐Pacific and Oceania. A major impediment to culturing tridacnid giant clams is larval mortality, typically >96%. The effects of suspended and particulate nutrients on tridacnid veliger development have been examined, but factors relevant to the nutritional condition of oocytes and trochophore larvae are unknown. This is significant because the nutritional transition from trochophore to veliger coincides with rises in larval mortality. Our review examines culture techniques known to enhance gamete viability of several marine viable bivalves of commercial interest, and critically assesses whether such methods are applicable to tridacnids in culture conditions. Techniques for optimizing the nutritional requirements of pre‐veliger tridacnids such as broodstock conditioning by supplemental feeding, monitoring the condition of oocytes ready for release, water temperature, egg attributes such as size and biochemical composition, and nutrient loads in culture water chemistry are examined. We include suggestions for optimizing nutritional conditions from gametogenesis through embryonic development, and conclude with a primer of research opportunities based on gaps in our understanding of tridacnid pre‐veliger nutrition compared with other bivalves. A major conclusion is that culture protocols should include pre‐veliger nutritional fitness as a critical factor in enhancing larval survival, growth and development.

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Effects of copper and decreased salinity on survival rate and development of Tridacna gigas larvae

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Growth and survival of hatchery-bred giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in an ocean nursery in Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines

Growth and survival of hatchery-bred giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in an ocean nursery in Sagay Marine Reserve, Philippines

Stress responses of zooxanthellae in juvenile Tridacna gigas (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) exposed to reduced salinity

Factors relevant to pre‐veliger nutrition ofTridacnidae giant clams

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