Effects of cosmetic and other camouflage interventions on appearance-related and psychological outcomes among adults with visible differences in appearance: a systematic review

Gholizadeh, Shadi; Rice, Danielle B; Carboni-Jiménez, Andrea; Kwakkenbos, Linda; Boruff, Jill; Krishnan, Ankur; Malcarne, Vanessa L.; Thombs, Brett D.

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046634

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Embrace of and satisfaction with wigs as therapy varies and reasons for such individual differences may be complex. There remains a relative lack of research on the effects of cosmetic and other camouflage techniques on appearance-related and other psychological consequences [41]. In addition to the practical considerations of wig use, personal and social determinants of self-perception, self-identity, and ease of adjustment following visible changes in self-representation all require better understanding to enable personalized counselling.…”

Section: Barriers To and Evolution Of Wig Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Wigs and Alopecia Areata: Psychosocial Impact and Economic Considerations

Courtney,

2024

Cosmetics

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Alopecia areata (AA) presents a challenging and unpredictable condition associated with substantial psychosocial and financial burdens. A chronic, relapsing form of non-scarring hair loss, it affects approximately 0.1–0.2% of the population worldwide with a lifetime risk of 1.0% to 2.1%. The psychosocial implications of AA, including its association with depression, anxiety, social phobia, employment disruption, and relationship challenges are well described . Significant economic costs of AA include those of healthcare, lost income, transportation, psychotherapy, and cosmetic accessories (wigs and hairpieces). However, wigs and hairpieces can contribute to enhanced self-esteem, confidence, and overall quality of life (QOL) in AA patients; these positive outcomes correlating with satisfaction in appearance. This article explores the role of wigs in addressing the aesthetic and emotional impact of AA, emphasizing their importance as potential coping mechanisms for individuals facing hair loss whilst also acknowledging possible barriers to their use. Different types of wigs and hairpieces, their respective advantages and disadvantages, and methods of attachment are thoroughly discussed, providing a comprehensive overview for both patients and healthcare professionals. Considering the economic impact of AA, this article explores the cost of wigs in Australia and available financial assistance programs. Wigs can play a pivotal role in rapidly addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by AA, offering time for psychosocial adaptation and delayed response to medical therapies. This review aims to provide valuable insights to inform evidence-based, practical, and personalized counselling of patients with AA and enable shared decision making about the utility of wigs and other cosmetic interventions for hair loss. Further research is warranted to explore differences in the optimal utilization of wigs between diverse sub-populations with AA.

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Section: Barriers To and Evolution Of Wig Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Wigs and Alopecia Areata: Psychosocial Impact and Economic Considerations

Courtney,

2024

Cosmetics

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“…Such concerns are broadly addressed via surgery, 4 psychotherapy, [5][6][7] education, 7 and/or camouflage strategies. 8 Given that body image concerns are subjective in nature, addressing distorted thought patterns and improving communication skills in social settings are essential strategies to help people with visible differences. 2,5,6 Methodological constraints limit the evaluation of the effectiveness of one specific form of psychotherapy; nonetheless, add-on (technological and non-technological) strategies have been considered to help with social skills training for patients with visible differences to address the body image disturbances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body image concerns encompass perceptual, affective, and behavioral concerns related to how one adjusts to physical changes. Such concerns are broadly addressed via surgery, 4 psychotherapy, 5 – 7 education, 7 and/or camouflage strategies 8 . Given that body image concerns are subjective in nature, addressing distorted thought patterns and improving communication skills in social settings are essential strategies to help people with visible differences 2 , 5 , 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing saliency models of observers’ visual attention on acquired facial differences

et al. 2023

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Purpose: Saliency models that predict observers' visual attention to facial differences could enable psychosocial interventions to help patients and their families anticipate staring behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of existing saliency models to predict observers' visual attention to acquired facial differences arising from head and neck cancer and its treatment.Approach: Saliency maps predicted by graph-based visual saliency (GBVS), an artificial neural network (ANN), and a face-specific model were compared to observer fixation maps generated from eye-tracking of lay observers presented with clinical facial photographs of patients with a visible or functional impairment manifesting in the head and neck region. We used a linear mixed-effects model to investigate observer and stimulus factors associated with the saliency models' accuracy.Results: The GBVS model predicted many irrelevant regions (e.g., shirt collars) as being salient. The ANN model underestimated observers' attention to facial differences relative to the central region of the face. Compared with GBVS and ANN, the face-specific saliency model was more accurate on this task; however, the face-specific model underestimated the saliency of deviations from the typical structure of human faces. The linear mixed-effects model revealed that the location of the facial difference (midface versus periphery) was significantly associated with saliency model performance. Model performance was also significantly impacted by interobserver variability.Conclusions: Existing saliency models are not adequate for predicting observers' visual attention to facial differences. Extensions of face-specific saliency models are needed to accurately predict the saliency of acquired facial differences arising from head and neck cancer and its treatment.

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