Effects of covalently bonded siloxane on the electrochemical and physical behaviour of GEL-VRLA battery

N-Doped Graphene Oxide as Additive for Fumed Silica Based Gel Electrolyte of Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries

“…22 However, using of fumed silica in electrolyte decreases the conductivity of the electrolyte. 37 Also, the performance of the Gel-VRLA battery is directly affected by the filling process of the gel to the battery. 22,37 This was related with the structure and gelling time of the gel electrolyte.…”

A novel electrolyte additive for gel type valve regulated lead acid batteries: Sulfur doped graphene oxide

“…27,28,30 However, conductivity of the fumed silica-based gelled electrolyte is low. 31 Although some additives such as metal oxides, polyacrylamide, polyaspartate, propanetriol, and polyols were used in the literature as additives to fumed silica-based gelled electrolyte to improve the conductivity of the gel, there are still needs to improve the conductivity of the fumed silica, including gel electrolyte by using of novel additives. 17,[32][33][34][35][36][37] Indeed, the additives can play a key role for the filling process of the gel in the battery stack without solidification by forming three-dimensional gel structure.…”

“…Since fumed silica forms good 3D web structures and it has high thixotropy and high capacity, it is widely preferred for forming gel electrolyte 27,28,30 . However, conductivity of the fumed silica‐based gelled electrolyte is low 31 . Although some additives such as metal oxides, polyacrylamide, polyaspartate, propanetriol, and polyols were used in the literature as additives to fumed silica‐based gelled electrolyte to improve the conductivity of the gel, there are still needs to improve the conductivity of the fumed silica, including gel electrolyte by using of novel additives 17,32‐37 .…”

Phosphorus-doped activated carbon as a promising additive for high performance lead carbon batteries

“…Lead-acid battery is considered as an attractive candidate for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and energy storage applications because of its low-cost, mature technology, and high recycling efficiency. 1,2 However, the traditional valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery suffers from the limitation of a shorter cycle life under high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) conditions due to the formation of irreversible hard sulfate in the negative plates. 3,4 To address this problem, many efforts have been devoted, and the integration of a higher than usual content of carbon into the negative electrode has been identied as an effective way.…”