Effects of Cu diffusion-doping on structural, optical, and magnetic properties of ZnO nanorod arrays grown by vapor phase transport method

Abstract

Realization of a 33 GHz phononic crystal fabricated in a freestanding membrane AIP Advances 1, 042001 (2011) Preparation of uncapped CdSe1xSx semiconducting nanocrystals by mechanical alloying J. Appl. Phys. 110, 124306 (2011) Formation mechanisms of spatially-directed zincblende gallium nitride nanocrystals J. Appl. Phys. 110, 124307 (2011) Surface modification of monocrystalline zinc oxide induced by high-density electronic excitation J. Appl. Phys. 110, 124310 (2011) Investigation of poly(o-anisidine)-SnO2 nanocomposites for fabrication of low temperature operative liquefied petroleum gas sensor J. Appl. Phys. 110, 124501 (2011) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. Well-aligned ZnO nanorods were prepared by the vapor phase transport method on Si covered with a ZnO buffer layer. After the nanostructure growth, Cu was doped into the ZnO nanorods by diffusion at three different temperatures and for different times. Undoped and Cu diffusion-doped ZnO samples are highly textured, with the c axis of the wurtzite structure along the growth direction. The incorporation of Cu caused some slight changes in the nanorod alignment, although the wurtzite crystal structure was maintained. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed that Cu ions were in a divalent state and substituted for the Zn 2þ ions of the ZnO matrix. Photoluminescence results at 10 K indicate that the incorporation of copper leads to a relative increase of Cu-related structured green band deep level intensity. Magnetic measurements revealed that both undoped and Cu diffusion-doped ZnO samples exhibited room temperature ferromagnetism. It was also found that bound magnetic polarons play an important role in the appearance of room temperature ferromagnetism in Cu diffusion-doped ZnO nanorods.

Defect-mediated ferromagnetism in ZnO:Mn nanorods

“…All details of three stages of growth procedure can be found in [22,24]. ZnO thin films grown by magnetron sputtering method [26].…”

“…These methods contain pulsed laser deposition [18], rf magnetron sputtering [19], spray pyrolysis [20], sol-gel [21] and vapor phase transport method (VPT) [22]. Within all these methods, VPT method is considerably used due to the simple and low-cost equipment and has been utilized to grow ZnO nanostructures of diverse morphology with excellent crystalline and optical quality [23].…”

Synthesis and characterization of Mn-doped ZnO nanorods grown in an ordered periodic honeycomb pattern using nanosphere lithography

“…Some methods to deposit TM-doped 1-D ZnO nanostructures include RF magnetron sputtering [9], vapor phase transport [10], pulsed laser deposition [11], spray pyrolysis [12] and chemical bath deposition (CBD) [13]. Among these methods, CBD is an attractive technique and offers advantages such as simple, low cost equipment and a low growth temperature [14].…”

Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Zn1−xMnxO micro-rod arrays synthesized by spray pyrolysis method

“…However, determination of the physical origin of magnetic effects in different magnetic ion-doped semiconductors is a crucial factor in development of such materials for wider applications. Different theories of the origin of magnetic effects, including theories based on intrinsic defect involvement as well as the magnetic ion dopants [23], mean that correct control of dopant and defect populations based on such understanding is needed to realize applications. This is one of the aims of the present study.…”

“…These techniques vapor phase transport [23], hydrothermal method [24], thermal evaporation [25] and spray pyrolysis technique [26]. Among these, the spray pyrolysis is especially suitable, since it has proved to be a simple and inexpensive method, particularly useful for large area applications.…”