Effects of cyanate enrichment on growth of natural phytoplankton populations in the subtropical Pacific

Sato, Minoru; Hashihama, Fuminori; Takeda, Shigenobu

doi:10.1007/s10872-022-00658-1

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, there were negative correlations between temperature and salinity and the abundances of diatoms and pico-eukaryotes, but positive correlations between temperature and salinity and Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus fractions, corroborating what we know about these groups’ physiological preferences. Synechococcus dominance also showed (weak) positive correlations with cyanate uptake rates, highlighting this organisms capability to use cyanate as a nitrogen source, a pattern also observed in the North Pacific subtropical gyre ( Sato et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Synechococcus was ubiquitous across our study region, particularly dominant at the shallower euphotic depths ( Figures 11D , E ). Synechococcus is capable of mobilizing ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, urea, cyanate, and amino acids to support their growth ( Lindell et al, 1998 ; Moore et al, 2002 ; Kamennaya and Post, 2011 ; Muñoz-Marín et al, 2020 ; Sato et al, 2022 ). In contrast to Prochlorococcus who lacks genes for nitrate uptake and reduction ( Moore et al, 2002 ), the ability to assimilate both oxidized and reduced N may reflect their higher cellular N requirements, especially given the large, N-rich light-harvesting protein complexes (phycobilisomes) that must be maintained ( Scanlan, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyanate, arguably the simplest organic compound, has recently emerged as a marine N cycle intermediate that is bioavailable to cyanobacteria (e.g., Kamennaya et al, 2008 ; Sato et al, 2022 ) and other auto-and heterotrophic microbes (e.g., Hu et al, 2014 ; Zhuang et al, 2015 ; Widner and Mulholland, 2017 ; Zhu et al, 2023 ). The uptake of cyanate accounted for up to 10% of total measured N uptake in the oligotrophic Mid-Atlantic Bight, the Gulf of Maine, and the Eastern Tropical South Pacific Ocean ( Widner and Mulholland, 2017 ; Widner et al, 2018 ), suggesting it is an overlooked N cycle component in the coastal and open oceans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen uptake rates and phytoplankton composition across contrasting North Atlantic Ocean coastal regimes north and south of Cape Hatteras

Zhu,

Mulholland,

Bernhardt

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Understanding nitrogen (N) uptake rates respect to nutrient availability and the biogeography of phytoplankton communities is crucial for untangling the complexities of marine ecosystems and the physical, biological, and chemical forces shaping them. In the summer of 2016, we conducted measurements of bulk microbial uptake rates for six 15N-labeled substrates: nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, urea, cyanate, and dissolve free amino acids across distinct marine provinces, including the continental shelf of the Mid-and South Atlantic Bights (MAB and SAB), the Slope Sea, and the Gulf Stream, marking the first instance of simultaneously measuring six different N uptake rates in this dynamic region. Total measured N uptake rates were lowest in the Gulf Stream followed by the SAB. Notably, the MAB exhibited significantly higher N uptake rates compared to the SAB, likely due to the excess levels of pre-existing phosphorus present in the MAB. Together, urea and nitrate uptake contributed approximately 50% of the total N uptake across the study region. Although cyanate uptake rates were consistently low, they accounted for up to 11% of the total measured N uptake at some Gulf Stream stations. Phytoplankton groups were identified based on specific pigment markers, revealing a dominance of diatoms in the shelf community, while Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus, and pico-eukaryotes dominated in oligotrophic Gulf Stream waters. The reported uptake rates in this study were mostly in agreement with previous studies conducted in coastal waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. This study suggests there are distinct regional patterns of N uptake in this physically dynamic region, correlating with nutrient availability and phytoplankton community composition. These findings contribute valuable insights into the intricate interplay of biological and chemical factors shaping N dynamics in disparate marine ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen uptake rates and phytoplankton composition across contrasting North Atlantic Ocean coastal regimes north and south of Cape Hatteras

Zhu,

Mulholland,

Bernhardt

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Our results tends to show that the cyanate lyase of P. calceolata is involved in detoxification of intracellular cyanate, which is a by-product of carbamoyl-phosphate generated by amino-acid degradation and not taken up by the urea cycle under low-nitrate conditions. In complement to the work of Sato, Hashihama, and Takeda 2023 and the phylogeny of Mao et al 2022, we hypothesise that the removal of intracellular cyanate is the main role of the cyanate lyase in eukaryotic microalgae instead of external cyanate metabolism as alternative N source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with the exception of Prorocentrum, the uptake of cyanate has not been shown in eukaryotic phytoplankton. A recent study have shown that cyanate enrichment in natural phytoplankton populations induces Synechococcus growth but not eukaryotic phytoplankton (Sato et al, 2023). This leads us to question the role of cyanate lyase in organic nitrogen assimilation in photosynthetic eukaryotes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen metabolism in the picoalga Pelagomonas calceolata: disentangling cyanate lyase function under different nutrient conditions.

Guerin,

Seyman,

Orvain

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Among nitrogen sources compounds in the environment, cyanate (OCN-) is a potential important actor given the activity and prevalence of cyanate lyase genes in microalgae. However, the conditions in which this gene is activated and the actual capacities of microalgae to assimilate cyanate remain underexplored. Here, we studied the nitrogen metabolism of the abundant and cosmopolite picoalgaePelagomonas calceolata(Ochrophyta/Pelagophyceae) with environmental metatranscriptomes and culture experiments under different nitrogen sources (nitrate, ammonium, urea and cyanate) and concentrations. We observed that in nitrate-poor oceanic regions, the cyanate lyase gene is one of the most differentially expressed gene, suggesting that cyanate is an important molecule forP. calceolatapersistence in oligotrophic environments. In the lab, we confirmed that this gene is overexpressed in low-nitrate medium together with several genes involved in nitrate recycling from endogenous molecules (purines and amino acids).P. calceolatais capable of growth on various nitrogen sources including nitrate, urea and cyanate but not ammonium. RNA sequencing of these cultures revealed that the cyanate lyase gene is surprisingly underexpressed in cyanate conditions indicating that this gene in not involved in extracellular cyanate catabolism to ammonia. Taken together, environmental datasets and lab experiments show that if the cyanate lyase is important in nitrate-poor environments it’s probably to reduce the toxicity of cyanate as a consequence of endogenous nitrogenous compound recycling rather than the use extracellular cyanate to produce ammonium.

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Unraveling sources of cyanate in the marine environment: insights from cyanate distributions and production during the photochemical degradation of dissolved organic matter

Wang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Cyanate is a nitrogen and energy source for diverse marine microorganisms, playing important roles in the nitrogen cycle. Despite the extensive research on cyanate utilization, the sources of this nitrogen compound remain largely enigmatic. To unravel the sources of cyanate, distributions and production of cyanate during photochemical degradation of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated across various environments, including freshwater, estuarine, coastal areas in Florida, and the continental and slope regions of the North American mid-Atlantic Ocean (NATL). Cyanate production was also examined during the photochemical degradation of exudates from a typical strain of Synechococcus, an important phytoplankton component. To deepen our understanding of the sources and production mechanisms of cyanate, its production was assessed during the photochemical degradation of a natural seawater DOM supplemented with five nitrogen–containing compounds with distinguishing structures and functional groups. Generally, cyanate exhibited higher concentrations in the Florida coastal, estuarine, and freshwater environments than the NATL. However, cyanate distribution did not consistently align with its production rates. Despite significantly low concentrations in the NATL, DOM from this region exhibited cyanate production rates comparable to estuarine and Florida coastal environments. Although relatively high cyanate concentrations were observed in the freshwaters, DOM in this environment exhibited very low cyanate production rates. A highly significant correlation was observed between cyanate and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations in these areas. Moreover, in most estuarine and NATL stations, cyanate concentration and production rate in the Chl a maximum layer were significantly higher than in other layers. Cyanate was produced during the photochemical degradation of the Synechococcus exudates. The cyanate production was significantly enhanced when the natural seawater DOM was supplemented with GlycylGlycine, 4-(methylamino) benzoic acid, 4-[ethyl(methyl)amino] benzaldehyde or methyl 2-aminobenzoate. Our study implies that photochemical degradation of marine DOM, especially phytoplankton-derived DOM, is a substantial source of cyanate in the ocean. Additionally, cyanate may form during the degradation of peptides and small aromatic compounds in DOM, providing novel insights into the nitrogen cycle.

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Effects of cyanate enrichment on growth of natural phytoplankton populations in the subtropical Pacific

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Nitrogen uptake rates and phytoplankton composition across contrasting North Atlantic Ocean coastal regimes north and south of Cape Hatteras

Nitrogen uptake rates and phytoplankton composition across contrasting North Atlantic Ocean coastal regimes north and south of Cape Hatteras

Nitrogen metabolism in the picoalga Pelagomonas calceolata: disentangling cyanate lyase function under different nutrient conditions.

Unraveling sources of cyanate in the marine environment: insights from cyanate distributions and production during the photochemical degradation of dissolved organic matter

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