1 The modulation of the guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP)-and adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-dependent protein kinase activities by the diastereomers of 8-bromoflphenyl-1,N2-ethenoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate, ((Rp)-and (Sp)-8-bromo-PET-cyclic GMPS) was investigated by use of purified protein kinases. In addition, the effects of (Rp)-8-bromo-PET-cyclic GMPS on protein phosphorylation in intact human platelets and on [3H]-noradrenaline release and neurogenic vasoconstriction in electrical field stimulated rat tail arteries were also studied. 6 The NO donor, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) relaxed rat tail arteries precontracted with phenylephrine (1 gM). The SIN-1 concentration-relaxation curve was shifted in a parallel manner to the right by (Rp)-8-bromo-PET-cyclic GMPS, suggesting that the relaxation was mediated by a cyclic GMP/ PKG-dependent mechanism. 7 The [3H]-noradrenaline release-enhancing effect and stimulation-induced decrease in vasoconstriction of forskolin were unaffected by (Rp)-8-bromo-PET-cyclic GMPS. Moreover, the forskolin concentrationrelaxation curve was not changed in the presence of the PKG inhibitor, suggesting a high selectivity in intact cells for PKG-over PKA-mediated effects.8 The results obtained indicate that (Rp)-8-bromo-PET-cyclic GMPS presently is the most potent and selective inhibitor of PKG and is helpful in distinguishing between cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP messenger pathways activation. Therefore, this phosphorothioate stereomer may be a useful tool for studying the role of cyclic GMP in vitro.