Effects of daytime naps on procedural and declarative memory in patients with schizophrenia

Seeck‐Hirschner, Mareen; Baier, Paul Christian; Sever, Serap; Buschbacher, Andrea; Aldenhoff, Josef B.; Göder, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.05.008

Cited by 70 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In contrast, control participants showed no correlation between memory improvement and spindle number. Two other studies confirmed that, in schizophrenic patients, implicit memory does not benefit from sleep [119,120]. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 The strong link between spindles and schizophrenia supports the view that this disorder originates from neurodevelopmental defects.…”

Section: Sleep Spindles In Pathologymentioning

confidence: 86%

Manipulating sleep spindles – expanding views on sleep, memory, and disease

Astori

Wimmer²,

Lüthi³

2013

Trends in Neurosciences

135

113

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Abstract:Sleep spindles are distinctive electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations emerging during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS) that have been implicated in multiple brain functions, including sleep quality, sensory gating, learning and memory. Despite considerable knowledge about the mechanisms underlying these neuronal rhythms, their function remains poorly understood and current views are largely based on correlational evidence. Here, we review recent studies in humans and rodents that have begun to broaden our understanding of the role of spindles in the normal and disordered brain. We show that newly identified molecular substrates of spindle oscillations, in combination with evolving technological progress, offer novel targets and tools to selectively manipulate spindles and dissect their role in sleep-dependent processes. Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems CorporationAstori et al. Highlights Newly recognized ion channel subtypes generating spindle rhythms are described. The contribution of spindles to arousal threshold and sleep quality is discussed. The proposed role of spindles in memory consolidation is examined. A function of thalamic spindles in neural development is suggested. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 4 Previous excellent reviews have thoroughly described cellular and network bases of spindle generation [3,6,7]. Here, we first review recent work on genetic models that has expanded the mechanistic understanding of this EEG rhythm through the modification of novel molecular substrates. We then discuss the current views about the functional aspects of spindles in brain physiology and pathology, as obtained from studies in naturally sleeping animals and humans. We highlight studies indicating that spindles are accessible for selective interventions, and that, with emerging technologies, will open avenues to decipher spindle function. Novel molecular aspects of spindle generationSleep spindles emerge from a limited set of cellular participants: the resonating core of these waxing-and-waning oscillations resides in the nRt-TC loop, which sustains repetitive burst discharges of its cellular components under the control of cortical inputs (Figure 1 Another important factor in the generation and maintenance of reticular intrinsic oscillations is the aforementioned SK2 or Kcnn2 channel. The vigorous Ca 2+ influx in nRt dendrites originating from Ca V 3.3 channels gates SK2 channels, thereby creating a burstafterhyperpolarization (bAHP) [12,19]. As T channels recover partially from inactivation duri...

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Section: Sleep Spindles In Pathologymentioning

confidence: 86%

Manipulating sleep spindles – expanding views on sleep, memory, and disease

Astori

Wimmer²,

Lüthi³

2013

Trends in Neurosciences

135

113

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“…We report N2 findings based on prior studies showing N2 spindle abnormalities in schizophrenia and correlations of N2 spindle activity with sleep-dependent memory consolidation 4,7,11 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work places deficient sleep-dependent memory consolidation among the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia and implicates reduced sleep spindles, a defining electroencephalographic (EEG) feature of Stage 2 non-rapid eye movement sleep (N2), as a potentially treatable mechanism 4 . Schizophrenia patients have deficient sleep-dependent consolidation of both procedural [5][6][7][8][9][10] and declarative 11 memory that, in some studies, correlates with reduced sleep spindle density (spindles per minute) and number 10,11 . These relations are consistent with a large basic literature showing that spindle activity correlates with measures of intelligence and sleep-dependent memory consolidation 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of Slow Waves With Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia

Demanuele

Bartsch

Baran

et al. 2016

Sleep

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms Demanuele et al., 2016 1 This study is not a clinical trial. Demanuele et al., 2016 3 Coordination of Slow Waves with Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia AbstractStudy Objectives: Schizophrenia patients have correlated deficits in sleep spindle density and sleep-dependent memory consolidation. In addition to spindle density, memory consolidation is thought to rely on the precise temporal coordination of spindles with slow waves (SWs). We investigated whether this coordination is intact in schizophrenia and its relation to motor procedural memory consolidation.Methods: Twenty-one chronic medicated schizophrenia patients and 17 demographicallymatched healthy controls underwent two nights of polysomnography with training on the finger tapping motor sequence task (MST) on the second night and testing the following morning. We detected SWs (0.5-4Hz) and spindles during non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep. We measured SW-spindle phase-amplitude coupling and its relation with overnight improvement of MST performance.Results: Patients did not differ from controls in the timing of SW-spindle coupling. In both groups spindles peaked during the SW upstate. For patients only, the later in the SW upstate that spindles peaked and the more reliable this phase relationship, the greater the overnight MST improvement.Regression models that included both spindle density and SW-spindle coordination predicted overnight improvement significantly better than either parameter alone suggesting that both contribute to memory consolidation.Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients show intact spindle-SW temporal coordination and these timing relationships, together with spindle density, predict sleep-dependent memory consolidation.These relations were seen only in patients suggesting that their memory is more dependent on optimal spindle-SW timing, possibly due to reduced spindle density. Interventions to improve memory may need to both increase spindle density and optimize the coordination of NREM oscillations.

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“…[23], and we keep in mind that sleep spindles have been found to be markedly reduced in schizophrenia [37,[39][40][41][42], then it could be inferred that the illness involves insufficient body representation in S1 [8]. As already mentioned above, it is intriguing that the reduction in sleep spindles has been found to be most pronounced in the centroparietal regions that include S1 and S2 [43].…”

Section: Potential Implications Of Insufficient Cortical Sensory Mapsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…A growing number of recent studies have found that schizophrenia is associated with a marked reduction in sleep spindles [37,[39][40][41][42], which was not found to be secondary to antipsychotic medications [39]. Interestingly, in two studies [37,39] the reduction has been found to be greatest over the centroparietal region that includes the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices (S1 and S2, respectively)…”

Section: Sleep Abnormalities In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia as a disturbance of cortical sensory maps

Vukadinovic

2012

Translational Neuroscience

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Schizophrenia is a disorder characterized by a variety of symptoms, which among others include hallucinations, delusions and passivity experiences. It has been found that individuals with schizophrenia misattribute their own thoughts and actions to an outside agency (source monitoring deficits), which could account for psychotic experiences such as that of hearing voices. In order to explain the source-monitoring deficits as well as psychosis, it has been proposed that mechanisms that enable anticipation and recognition of sensory consequences of one's own actions are impaired in schizophrenia. Importantly, such mechanisms may require accurate cortical sensory representations such as in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). The establishment and maintenance of cortical sensory representations has been found to utilize a sleep-related brain rhythm known as spindling. Namely, in the perinatal period in humans and animals, and possibly also thereafter, spontaneous activity in the sensory periphery drives spindle activity in the developing cortical sensory areas, which then contributes to the formation of sensory representations that match bodily features. For example, muscle twitch-spindle sequences during sleep facilitate the formation and maintenance of S1 in accordance with the layout of musculature. This process has been proposed to continue throughout the lifespan and may be particularly important during periods of bodily changes (adolescence, menopause). In schizophrenia, the amount of sleep spindle activity is markedly reduced, which would be expected to result in insufficient cortical sensory representations and have relevance for the relative inability of individuals with schizophrenia to accurately recognize self-initiated actions.

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Effects of daytime naps on procedural and declarative memory in patients with schizophrenia

Cited by 70 publications

References 35 publications

Manipulating sleep spindles – expanding views on sleep, memory, and disease

Manipulating sleep spindles – expanding views on sleep, memory, and disease

Coordination of Slow Waves With Sleep Spindles Predicts Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia as a disturbance of cortical sensory maps

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