Effects of decarburization on the wear resistance and damage mechanisms of rail steels subject to contact fatigue

Zhao, Xiaohu; Guo, Jun; Wang, H.Y.; Wen, Zefeng; Liu, Q.Y.; Zhao, Guotang; Wang, W.J.

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2016.07.013

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To summarize, the Russian transport system is developing, the state strives to overcome the permanent arrears in the construction of highways [1,15,14], the inadequate length of which suppressed the country's economic development during the entire 20th century. At the same time, insufficient attention to the development of railways causes overstrain in the operation of railways [4,9,15,21,23,44], and the deterioration of the track and rolling stock. The decline of internal waterways and sea transport is wholly related to the economic breakdown in the 1990s, and the wish to get momentary benefit [8,40] while shifting all costs to the consumer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It follows from the table [15] that railway remains the main means of transport in the country, although the volume of freights transported by road is constantly growing, but the role of railway in the freight turnover is more significant because this type of transport is used to transport freights for long distance [37], the freight turnover of railway increased [in 2010-2016] by 16.55%, which, if the railway network does not develop, inevitably causes the overloading of transport and results in the disruption of the traffic schedule and an increase in the number of accidents [9,17,18,20]. The two most important elements of the transport system are the communication routes and vehicles [3,12,33,44]. Table 2 shows the results of considering the issue on the development of the communication system in Russia in 2010-2016 (Table 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Development of Transport in Eastern Regions of Russia

Tsvetkov¹,

Slepov²,

Sekerin³

et al. 2018

IJET

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This article considers the issues on forming the Russian transport system, and the impact of distance and climate on the transport development. Special attention is paid to the role of railway transport in the country's transport system, the state and development of rolling stock, and the development of track equipment. Considerable attention is paid to the development of transport and the railway network in the Far East and Siberia. Keywords: transport system of Russia, railway transport, development of railway transport, transport in eastern regions of Russia. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7 Railway turnover bln. t-km 2,011 2,306 2,344 8 Highway turnover bln. t-km 199 232 234The data of the table show that in 2010-2016 the development of the transport system slowed down. Thus, the volume of the freights transported by railway increased by 0.99%, and the that of the goods transported by road decreased by 1.88%. It follows from the table [15] that railway remains the main means of transport in the country, although the volume of freights transported by road is constantly growing, but the role of railway in the freight turnover is more significant because this type of transport is used to transport freights for long distance [37], the freight turnover of railway increased [in 2010-2016] by 16.55%, which, if the railway network does not develop, inevitably causes the overloading of transport and results in the disruption of the traffic schedule and an increase in the number of accidents [9,17,18,20]. The two most important elements of the transport system are the communication routes and vehicles [3,12,33,44]. Table 2 shows the results of considering the issue on the development of the communication system in Russia in 2010-2016 (Table 2).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Transport in Eastern Regions of Russia

Tsvetkov¹,

Slepov²,

Sekerin³

et al. 2018

IJET

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“…Microstructure influences both wear and RCF properties of wheel and rail materials significantly . 10 Several studies have been conducted to try to find out the effect the microstructure has on wear and RCF properties of wheel and rail steels. Currently, most standards require steel with hardness of 250-300 HB for use in wheels applications and 300-400 HB for rail applications as an excess in those values of hardness result in an increase in operating and production costs.…”

Section: Wheel and Rail Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of wear performance of wheel and rail steels under dry sliding conditions

Leso

Siyayisa

Mostert

et al. 2022

SATNT

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The demand for efficient railway services has significantly increased in the past years due to an increased demand for the high-speed transportation of goods with high loads. The increase in loads and velocities has resulted in increased problems associated with rolling contact fatigue (RCF), rolling and sliding wear on the wheel and rail materials causing a reduction of service life of wheel/rail systems. Rail operating companies spend significant funds in maintenance and replacing damaged rails and wheels caused by wear. In addition, unscheduled maintenance due to wear and RCF often lead to poor availability of railway networks. For this study, dry sliding wear was investigated on wheel and rail steels using RTEC Multi-Function Tribometer. The results demonstrated that the rig was successful in simulating sliding wear, and that the fractions of the wear components could be varied, and it also provided instrumentation. Information on coefficient of friction against sliding distance and applied force were obtained which were used to compare sliding wear performance of both wheel and rail steels. The wheel was found to perform better than the rail under the same conditions due to its high initial hardness values and smaller interlamellar spacing.

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“…During the hot forging process of automobile component, such as the front axle, connecting rod, knuckle, etc., the solid surface reactions of decarburization have adverse effects, including reduced ductility, reduced strength, and increased susceptibility of crack initiation [1]. Decarburization is a phenomenon that the amount of carbon reduces in the surface-adjacent zone of steel, occurs when the metal is heated to temperatures of 700 • C or above when carbon in the metal reacts with gases containing oxygen or hydrogen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Graded Surface Decarburization of Automobile Forging Front Axle on the Bending Behavior Based on a Third-Order Shear Deformation Beam Theory

Hua

et al. 2022

Machines

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During the forging process of automobile front axle, the steel near the surface is often decarburized for a certain depth. The mechanical properties at the decarburization layer are graded and different from the inner area, influencing the bending behavior of axles under heavy loads. In this paper, the decarburized forging of front axle is regarded as a rectangular thick sandwich beam, composed of a homogeneous core and the functionally graded layer coated on both bottom and top surface. A Third-order Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT) is employed to investigate the static bending behaviors under two point−loads. The properties of sandwich FG material are represented with a piecewise power−law function, and the displacement field governing equations are derived through the virtual work principle. The Navier analytical method and numerical DQM procedures are employed to obtain the bending responses under simply supported boundary conditions, and the results are validated through the comparison with an example in the literature. Then, the transverse deflection, rotation, axial stress, and shear stress are studied in terms of different power−law exponents, decarburization depth, unsymmetrical decarburization depth, unbalance loading, and beam sectional dimension. The study reveals the influence of surface decarburization on the bending behavior of forged automobile front axles, and contributes to the optimization of structure design.

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Effects of decarburization on the wear resistance and damage mechanisms of rail steels subject to contact fatigue

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Development of Transport in Eastern Regions of Russia

Development of Transport in Eastern Regions of Russia

Study of wear performance of wheel and rail steels under dry sliding conditions

Influence of Graded Surface Decarburization of Automobile Forging Front Axle on the Bending Behavior Based on a Third-Order Shear Deformation Beam Theory

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