Effects of dense concentrations of aluminum nanoparticles on the evaporation behavior of kerosene droplet at elevated temperatures: The phenomenon of microexplosion

Javed, Irfan; Baek, Seung Wook; Waheed, Khalid

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2013.11.006

Cited by 104 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These nanofluids are characterized for their combustion performance by measuring droplet regression rates and burn rate constants upon thermal ignition, measuring heat of combustion using a bomb calorimeter, and examining surface tension. It is noted that preliminary tests show OA dispersant alone has a negligible effect on the regression rate and burn rate constant but that its primary function is dispersion of the solid particles (also observed by Javed et al, 2,3 ). Particles of MgO were selected for this study because preliminary research examining dispersion qualities of nanoparticles showed that MgO produced excellent dispersion characteristics relative to other nanoparticle additives.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Reaction Dynamics of Rocket Propellant with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Bello

Pantoya²,

Kappagantula

et al. 2015

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The combustion behavior of rocket propellant grade 2 (RP-2) was investigated as a function of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (i.e., 20 nm diameter) added at varied concentrations. The MgO nanoparticles were surface-treated with a long-chain carboxylic acid to aid their dispersion in RP-2. The fuel droplet regression rate, surface tension, and heat of combustion of RP-2 with MgO nanoparticle additives were measured to characterize combustion behavior. Heat of combustion and surface tension measurements varied negligibly among all samples indicating that calorific output and surface tension are not controlling parameters influencing fuel combustion behavior. However, fuel droplet regression rates were considerably increased by adding 0.5 wt % MgO from 0.225 to 66.16 mm/s, which is an improvement by 2 orders of magnitude. Further analysis showed that MgO particles enhance diffusive heat transfer, which promotes nucleation and disruptive burning throughout the three stages of regression, heating/evaporation (stage 1), combustion of RP-2 (stage 2), and combustion of carboxylic acid dispersant (stage 3), and, thus, lead to improved fuel droplet combustion. ■ INTRODUCTIONPropellants with improved performance are a compelling need for next-generation propulsion systems. The regression rate is an indicator of propellant performance and defines the rate that a liquid droplet surface recedes over the course of its evaporation and combustion in the presence of an ignition source. 1 An approach for improving the regression rate of rocket propellants is to include particulate additives that affect evaporation and burning behavior. Thus, understanding how solid particles influence combustion behavior is key for optimizing the performance of next-generation liquid fuels.Particle additives introduced into liquid fuels can agglomerate and, thus, work best when they are well-dispersed in the liquid. Typically, a dispersant is added to the liquid fuel, which by itself does not significantly alter the regression rate or burn rate constant but improves the dispersion quality of the particles. 2,3 The particle size is also important, and nanoparticles optimize regression far more than their micrometerscale counterparts. 4 Initial experimental work studying solid particle additives in liquid fuels focused on high concentrations of micrometer-size particles added to liquid propellant systems, but there were significant problems associated with them. Micrometer additives often agglomerate during evaporation and combustion of the fuel droplets, resulting in slow droplet regression rates and decreased combustion efficiency. 5 Later research focused on nanoparticle additives with a higher surface area to volume ratio compared to micrometer particles, facilitating more direct contact between the particles and liquid, leading to more complete combustion and higher combustion efficiency. 6,7 Gan and Qiao 4 compared the burning characteristics of ethanol-and n-decane-based fuel droplets with nano-and micrometer-sized aluminum (Al) particles...

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Reaction Dynamics of Rocket Propellant with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Bello

Pantoya²,

Kappagantula

et al. 2015

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Researchers reported enhancements of combustion performance as well as emission characteristics. Possible mechanisms are catalytic processes at the nanoparticle surface as well as increased evaporation rates due to radiation absorption by the particles [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94]. Kao et al as well as Sarkar and Hirani suggested the addition of nanoparticles to brake fluids to improve thermal transport of dissipated braking energy and increase the boiling point to avoid vapor lock [95,96].…”

Section: Automotive Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofluids revisited

Eggers

Kabelac

2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

h i g h l i g h t s Thermophysical properties bring nanofluids into various engineering applications. Quantity of variable parameters hinder comprehensive equations, e.g. for viscosity. Coordinated research can help to overcome debates about thermophysical properties. Missing experience for nanofluids in large scale plants. Lack of studies about high pressure/temperature applications and long term behavior. a b s t r a c tIn the roughly two decades from the first publication until today, nanofluids have found their way into various research fields. To-date published documents range from basic research to high-tech applications. This contribution aims at outlining current fields of research regarding nanofluid research. These range from fundamental property data studies presented in the first section to a listing of numerous applications of different fields of engineering. It is shown that nanofluid science pushes increasingly into the scientific world providing plenty of new questions and challenges.

show abstract

“…Several materials like B, Al, Mg, Mn, and Fe were used as additives by several researchers [3,5,[9][10][11][12]. In this work silicon is used, which is easily available at low cost.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Nanoadditivementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of nano-silicon fuel additive on combustion, performance and emission of a twin cylinder CI engine

Kumar

Raja

et al. 2018

MATEC Web of Conferences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Combustion characteristics of a fuel defines its performance and emission characteristics. Enhancement of combustion characteristics is feasible by improvisation of fuel properties. Fuel additives were used for varying fuel properties. The evolution of ‘nano-concept’ develops countless applications in the existing technologies. In this experiment silicon nanoparticles were synthesized by ball milling micron sized silicon particles for 45 hours. The elemental and structural characterizations for the additive material were carried out by EDS, SEM and TEM analysis. Silicon nano additive was mixed in three different weight proportions with diesel to prepare the test fuels. The fuel properties variation with the addition of nano additive were studied. Engine testing was carried out at constant 1200 rpm speed and varying load conditions. Diesel fuel added with 0.5 wt% Si nanoadditive (Si 0.5) showed maximum load carrying ability among the different test fuels. In comparison with diesel at 1200 rpm and 100% load condition, an increase in torque of 5.91% was observed and BTE was increased by 8.93% with a decrease in NOx emission by 27.3%. Variation in the performance and emission characteristics of the fuels were the results of change in heat release rate and combustion timing with the addition of nano additives which could be studied from the combustion characteristic curves.

show abstract

Effects of dense concentrations of aluminum nanoparticles on the evaporation behavior of kerosene droplet at elevated temperatures: The phenomenon of microexplosion

Cited by 104 publications

References 32 publications

Reaction Dynamics of Rocket Propellant with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Reaction Dynamics of Rocket Propellant with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Nanofluids revisited

Impact of nano-silicon fuel additive on combustion, performance and emission of a twin cylinder CI engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About