Effects of Diet on Apoprotein E Levels and on the Apoprotein E Subspecies in Human Plasma Lipoproteins*

Falko, James M.; Schonfeld, Gustav; Witztum, Joseph L.; Kolár, J; Weidman, Stuart W.; Steelman, Robert

doi:10.1210/jcem-50-3-521

Cited by 47 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, it is tempting to suggest that the apoE-HDL may be acting as a reservoir for apoE while this apoprotein plays a functional role, perhaps in remnant removal (37), in VLDL, and chylomicrons. The data of Falko et al (13) are consistent with the hypothesis that HDL may act as a reservoir for apoE. Implicit in this hypothesis are exchange and transfer of apoE between its two major sites of residence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…There have been three previous reports ofimmunoassays for apoE. Curry et al (12) described an electroimmunoassay, Kushwaha et al (11) described a radial immunodiffusion assay, and Falko et al (13) have recently described a radioimmunoassay. Our selection of radioimmunoassay for measurement of apoE was based in part on the much greater sensitivity (50-100-fold) ofthis procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of apoE in normal human plasma has been measured by radial immunodiffusion (11), by electroimmunoassay (12), and most recently by radioimmunoassay (13). The apoE content ofVLDL has been assayed by quantitative densitometry of stained polyacrylamide gels containing the electrophoresed apoproteins of VLDL (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioimmunoassay studies of human apolipoprotein E.

Blum¹,

Aron²,

Sciacca³

1980

J. Clin. Invest.

176

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A B S T R A C T This report describes the development and first applications of a sensitive and specific double antibody radioimmunoassay for human apolipoprotein E (apoE). ApoE was purified from the very low density lipoproteins of hypertriglyceridemic patients by heparin-agarose affinity chromatography, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified apoprotein had an amino acid composition characteristic of apoE and resulted in the production of monospecific antisera when injected into rabbits. The radioimmunoassay, which was carried out in the presence of 5 mM sodium decyl sulfate, had a working range of 0.8-12 ng. The withinassay coefficient ofvariation was 9% and the coefficient of variation for systematic between-assay variability was 3%. Prior delipidation of samples with organic solvents did not alter their immunoreactivity.In 26 normal volunteers, the mean plasma apoE concentration was 36+13 .tg/ml.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radioimmunoassay studies of human apolipoprotein E.

Blum¹,

Aron²,

Sciacca³

1980

J. Clin. Invest.

176

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“…METHODS Study subjects. 20 healthy young men, 19 Caucasians and 1 Oriental, medical students or laboratory technicians aged [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] yr at the beginning of the study, volunteered to participate, having given informed consent. None had any evidence of physical or psychiatric disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on plasma lipoproteins.

Schonfeld¹,

Patsch²,

Rudel³

et al. 1982

J. Clin. Invest.

253

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A B S T R A C T The effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on low density and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) were studied in 20 young men. After 2-3 wk of evaluations on ad lib. diets, basal diets, which consisted of 15% protein, 45% carbohydrates, 40% fat, and 300 mg/day of cholesterol, were given for 4-5 wk (Basal,). The ratio of dietary polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P/S) for different groups of subjects were 0.25, 0.4, 0.8, or 2.5. 750 and 1,500 mg/d of cholesterol were added to the basal diets as 3 and 6 eggs, respectively. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were lower in all subjects on the basal diets than on the ad lib. diets. Addition of 750 mg cholesterol to the diet with P/S = 0.25-0.4 raised LDL cholesterol by 16±14 mg/dl to 115% of basal diet values (n = 11, P < 0.01); 1,500 mg increased LDL cholesterol by 25±19 mg/dl to 125% (n = 9, P < 0.01). On the diet with P/S = 0.8, 750 mg produced insignificant increases in LDL cholesterol, but 1,500 mg produced increases of 17±22 mg/dl to 115% of basal (n = 6, P < 0.02). On the P/S = 2.5 diet, neither 750 nor 1,500 mg produced significant changes. Thus, both the cholesterol contents and P/S ratios of diets were important in determining LDL levels. The lipid and apoprotein compositions, flotation rates, molecular weights, and binding by cellular receptors of LDL were virtually unchanged by the addition of cholesterol to the diets high in saturated fat. These diets, therefore, caused an increase in the number of LDL particles of virtually unchanged physical and biological properties. On the

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“…83 Two-site ELISAs have similarly been used to measure apoE in apoB-containing lipoproteins (LpB:E). 81,84 ApoE has also been measured in TRL fractions isolated by ultracentrifugation, [85][86][87][88] gel filtration chromatography, 89 -93 or plasma precipitation. 94,95 ApoE has been determined in remnant-like intermediate-sized lipoproteins (ISL) separated by gel filtration chromatography.…”

Section: Quantification Of Remnant Lipoproteins According To Apolipopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Quantification, and Characterization of Potentially Atherogenic Triglyceride-Rich Remnant Lipoproteins

Cohn

Marcoux

Davignon

1999

ATVB

149

116

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Abstract-Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) remnants are formed in the circulation when apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 -containing chylomicrons of intestinal origin or apoB-100 -containing VLDL of hepatic origin are converted by lipoprotein lipase, and to a lesser extent by hepatic lipase, into smaller and more dense particles. Compared with their nascent precursors, TRL remnants are depleted of triglyceride, phospholipid, and C apolipoproteins and are enriched in cholesteryl esters and apoE. They can thus be identified, separated, and/or quantified in plasma according to their density, charge, size, specific lipid components, apolipoprotein composition, and/or apolipoprotein immunospecificity. Each of these approaches has contributed to our current understanding of the compositional characteristics of TRL remnants and their potential to promote atherosclerosis. An ongoing search is nevertheless under way for more accurate and clinically applicable remnant lipoprotein assays that will be able to better define coronary artery disease risk in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

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Effects of Diet on Apoprotein E Levels and on the Apoprotein E Subspecies in Human Plasma Lipoproteins*

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

Radioimmunoassay studies of human apolipoprotein E.

Radioimmunoassay studies of human apolipoprotein E.

Effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on plasma lipoproteins.

Detection, Quantification, and Characterization of Potentially Atherogenic Triglyceride-Rich Remnant Lipoproteins

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