Effects of Dietary Administration of Plant-Derived Anthocyanin-Rich Colors to Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Shindo, Makoto; Kasai, Toshihiro; Abe, Asaki; Kondo, Yasuhiro

doi:10.3177/jnsv.53.90

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There are different plant extracts examined on the hypotensive effects. Traditional herbal extracts 18 , blueberry 22 , cocoa 20 , purple corn, purple sweet potato and red radish 19 are some examples. A Brazilian folk medicine Cecropia glaziovii Sneth has reduced the mean systolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg after 2 weeks of treatments where the single dose treatments of the extracts had not exerted any difference 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have evaluated their antihypertensive effects under in vitro conditions. The mechanisms of actions of flavonoids include functioning as ACE inhibitors 18 , antioxidant activity and vasorelaxation 19 . In the current study, 0.5 g of APE kgG 1 of body weight, was incorporated as the daily dose which contained 25 mg of total polyphenols where the majority (around 20 mg) were flavonoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antihypertensive Effects of Apple Peel Extract on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Balasuriya¹,

Rupasinghe²,

Sweeney³

et al. 2015

Pharmacologia

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Background and Objectives:Apple peel is a rich source of biological active phytochemicals such as flavonoids. The present study investigated the antihypertensive effect of flavonoid-rich Apple Peel Extract (APE) on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR). Methodology: Three groups of animals: Control, captopril (20 mg kgG 1 of body weight/day) and APE (25 mg kgG 1 of body weight/day) were fed standard rat chow and their corresponding treatment in sugar-free gelatin, daily for a period of eight weeks. Blood Pressure (BP) was monitored weekly using the tail cuff method. Blood and tissue samples were collected after the eighth week. Results: As expected, treatment with captopril consistently reduced BP (p<0.05). APE treatment reduced both systolic and diastolic BP by 15 and 11 mg Hg, respectively, after 5 weeks of treatment, However, statistical significance was only achieved in systolic BP after eight weeks when compared with control (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum and lung ACE activity at week eight. Treatment with APE increased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 78% and total reduced Glutathione (GSH) concentrations by 42% when compared to control (p<0.05) but had no effect on the activity of glutathione reductase or peroxidase. Conclusion: Long term intake of APE reduces high blood pressure in SHR possibly through endogenous antioxidant pathways. This preclinical trial suggests that APE as a dietary supplement could be effective in managing early stages of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Effects of Apple Peel Extract on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Balasuriya¹,

Rupasinghe²,

Sweeney³

et al. 2015

Pharmacologia

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“…Increasing evidence shows that foods containing high concentrations of anthocyanins, such as blueberries, purple grapes, and corn, are more effective at reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly with respect to antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects (1)(2)(3)(4). We previously demonstrated that the anthocyanin-rich black rice pigment fraction and extracts significantly ameliorated atherosclerotic plaque progression in apoE-deficient (apoE 2/2 ) 6 mice (5-7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Supplementation with Cyanidin-3-O-ß-Glucoside Protects against Hypercholesterolemia-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction and Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice

Wang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutrition

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In this study, we investigated the protective effects of the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G) on hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in apoE-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. In the prevention study, twenty 8-wk-old male apoE(-/-) mice (n = 10/group) were fed a high-fat, cholesterol-rich diet (HCD) or the HCD supplemented with C3G (2 g/kg diet) for 8 wk. The endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine in the aortas of the C3G-fed mice was greater compared with those fed the HCD (P < 0.05). The atherosclerotic plaque area in the aortic sinus of mice fed the C3G diet was lowered by 54% compared with those fed the HCD (P < 0.01). Mice fed C3G had greater expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and lower cholesterol, mainly 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), concentrations than those fed the HCD. Superoxide production and lipid hydroperoxides in aorta were lower in mice fed C3G compared with those fed the HCD. The phosphorylation levels at Ser1177 of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and the production of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in aorta were greater in C3G-fed mice than in HCD-fed mice. In the therapy study, apoE(-/-) mice were fed the HCD for 8 wk and then continued to receive the HCD or were switched to the HCD supplemented with C3G (2 g/kg diet) for another 8 wk. The established endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis were reversed, accompanied by greater ABCG1 expression in aorta, lower cholesterol and 7-KC concentrations, and greater generation of cGMP in mice fed C3G compared with those fed the HCD. Taken together, our results show that the anthocyanin C3G prevents or reverses hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting cholesterol and 7-oxysterol accumulation in the aorta and the subsequent decrease in superoxide production, thereby preserving eNOS activity and NO bioavailability.

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“…The anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (PSP) are more stable than those from strawberry, red cabbage, perilla and other plants (Bolı´var et al 2004). Many researches reported PSP anthocyanins could scavenge free radical (Suda et al, 2002;Kano et al, 2005;Saigusa et al, 2005), attenuate liver dysfunction (Suda et al, 1997(Suda et al, , 1998Han et al, 2007), enhance memory function (Cho et al, 2003;Wu et al, 2008), inhibit mutagenicity (Yoshimoto et al, 1999), decrease high blood sugar (Matsui et al, 2002;Matsui et al, 2004) and lower high blood pressure (Shindo et al, 2007), and could also induce apoptosis of cancer cells (Hayashi et al, 2006) or inhibit cancer cell growth (Hagiwara et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2006), and other functions (Hayashi et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anthocyanin extracts from purple sweet potato by means of microwave baking and acidified electrolysed water and their antioxidation in vitro

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2010

International Journal of Food Science &Amp; Technology

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Two anthocyanin extracts from purple sweet potato (PSP) were prepared by means of microwave baking (MB) and acidified electrolysed water (AEW) or 95% ethanol. The extraction yield in AEW (pH 3.0) was up to 35.0% nearly 2.5 times higher than in ethanol. When pH £ 3.0, the lower the pH values of the extracts in solution were, the darker the red extracts were. Total flavonoids, phenolic and monomeric anthocyanin contents in AEW extract were 132.13, 64.52 and 102.31 mg g )1 , respectively, whose values were the similar to or slightly lower than those in ethanol extract. On the contrary, its total sugar content (61.31 mg g )1 ) was nearly five times higher than that of the ethanol extract. In vitro assay indicated that the scavenging capability of DPPH free radicals of AEW extracts (IC 50 = 12.0 lg mL )1 ) was stronger than that of the ethanolic ones. The reducing power and inhibiting lipid peroxidation of the two extracts were similar. Thus, the new extraction of MB-AEW described here was not only simple and low in cost, but also had much higher extraction yield. The anthocyanin extracts with a strong antioxidation and a stable red colour could be widely used as food colouring additives and anti-ageing health foods.

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Effects of Dietary Administration of Plant-Derived Anthocyanin-Rich Colors to Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

Antihypertensive Effects of Apple Peel Extract on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Antihypertensive Effects of Apple Peel Extract on Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Supplementation with Cyanidin-3-O-ß-Glucoside Protects against Hypercholesterolemia-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction and Attenuates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice

Anthocyanin extracts from purple sweet potato by means of microwave baking and acidified electrolysed water and their antioxidation in vitro

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