Effects of Dietary Alpha- and Gamma-Linolenic Acid on Lipid Metabolism in Young and Adult Rats

Choi, Yong Hwan; Sugano, Michihiro

doi:10.1159/000177430

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Periago etal (1989) (1983) observed that the activities were not affected by dietary GLA. However, Choi and Sugano (1988) found a decrease in A6-desaturase activity in 8-month-old but not in 3-week-old rats. On the other hand, Biagi et al (1991) showed an increase in A6-desaturation rate of LA and particularly of LNA.…”

Section: Dietary Sources Of Essential Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 67%

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Bézard

Blond²,

Bernard³

et al. 1994

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

191

109

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Summary ― Essential fatty acids (EFA), which are not synthesized in animal and human tissues, belong to the n-6 and n-3 families of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), derived from linoleic acid (LA,) and a-linolenic acid (LNA,. Optimal requirements are 3-6% of ingested energy for LA and 0.5-1% for LNA in adults. Requirements in LNA are higher in development. Dietary sources of LA and LNA are principally plants, while arachidonic acid (AA,) is found in products from terrestrian animals, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

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Section: Dietary Sources Of Essential Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 67%

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Bézard

Blond²,

Bernard³

et al. 1994

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

191

109

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“…However, in young rats fed a diet containing 18:3n-6, ∆5-desaturase activity was depressed (51). In contrast, a diet containing evening primrose oil depressed liver ∆6-desaturase activity in 8-mon-old rats but not in 3-wk-old rats (52). Borage oil (18:3n-6 only) and blackcurrant oil (18:3n-6 and 18:4n-3) both tended to decrease liver microsomal ∆6and ∆5-desaturase activities in younger rats but tended to increase both activities in older rats (53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Fatty acyl desaturation in isolated hepatocytes from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Stimulation by dietary borage oil containing γ‐linolenic acid

Tocher

Bell

Dick

et al. 1997

Lipids

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The effects of different dietary oils on the fatty acid compositions of liver phospholipids and the desaturation and elongation or [1-14C]18:3n-3 and [1-14C]18:2n-6 were investigated in isolated hepatocytes from Atlantic salmon. Atlantic salmon smolts were fed diets containing either a standard fish oil (FO) as a control diet, a 1:1 blend of Southern Hemisphere marine oil and tuna orbital oil (MO/TO), sunflower oil (SO), borage oil (BO), or olive oil (OO) for 12 wk. The SO and BO diets significantly increased the percentages of 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6, 20:2n-6, 20:3n-6, and total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in salmon liver lipids in comparison with the FO diet. The BO diet also increased the percentage of 20:4n-6. Both the SO and BO diets significantly reduced the percentages of all n-3 PUFA in comparison with the FO diet. The OO diet significantly increased the percentages of 18:1n-3, 18:2n-6, total monoenes, and total n-6 PUFA in liver lipids compared to the FO diet, and the percentages of all n-3 PUFA were significantly reduced. With [1-14C]18:3n-3, the recovery of radioactivity in the products of delta 6 desaturation was significantly greater in the hepatocytes from salmon fed SO, BO, and OO in comparison with the FO diet. The BO diet also increased the recovery of radioactivity in the products of delta 5 desaturation. Only the BO diet significantly affected the desaturation of [1-14C]18:2n-6, increasing recovery of radioactivity in both delta 6- and delta 5-desaturation products. In conclusion, dietary BO, enriched in gamma-linolenic acid (18:3n-6), significantly increased the proportions of both 20:3n-6 and 20:4n-6 in salmon liver phospholipids and also significantly increased the desaturation of both 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 in salmon hepatocytes. The possible relationships between dietary fatty acid composition, tissue phospholipid fatty acid composition, and desaturation/elongation activities are discussed.

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“…The crystalline sterols were dissolved in fat at 37 ~ C. Analyses. The activities of HMG-CoA reductase, cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase and A6-desaturase in liver microsomes were measured as described previously 17,8). Serum, liver and microsomal lipids were extracted, and cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid were measured {10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholesterol synthesis and degradation in rats of different ages

Choi

Goto

Ikeda

et al. 1989

Lipids

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Male Sprague-Dawley rats four weeks or eight months of age were fed purified diets containing 10% fat, either as a blend of safflower oil and palm olein (polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA, 34%), a blend of linseed oil and palm olein (PUFA, 33%) or sardine oil (PUFA, 33%) for four weeks. In other trials, sterol contents were made equivalent by supplementing cholesterol to a blend of corn oil and palm olein (PUFA, 30%) or phytosterol to sardine oil (PUFA, 30%). Fish oil was hypolipidemic in rats of different ages, but it tended to increase liver cholesterol in adult animals and this was not improved by the addition of phytosterol. The age-dependent increase in liver cholesterol was not duplicated in rats fed a vegetable fat blend supplemented with cholesterol. At both ages, liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity was lower in the sardine oil than in the other groups. There were no significant age- or diet-related differences in the activity of liver cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. Fecal steroid excretion was comparable in age-matched rats fed diets supplemented either with cholesterol or phytosterol. Sardine oil reduced the delta 6-desaturase activity markedly as compared with linseed oil, and age-dependent reduction of the desaturase activity was observed in all dietary groups examined. Thus, the results showed a specific effect of fish oil on lipid metabolism.

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Effects of Dietary Alpha- and Gamma-Linolenic Acid on Lipid Metabolism in Young and Adult Rats

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Fatty acyl desaturation in isolated hepatocytes from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Stimulation by dietary borage oil containing γ‐linolenic acid

Effect of dietary n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cholesterol synthesis and degradation in rats of different ages

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