Effects of dietary ARA, DHA, and carbohydrates levels on gilthead sea bream liver and intestine oxidative stress, tissue histomorphology, and gut microbiota

Magalhães, Rui; Martins, Nicole; Fontinha, Filipa; Couto, Ana; Serra, Cláudia R.; Santos, Rafaela; Olsen, Rolf Erik; Perés, Helena; Oliva‐Teles, Aires

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738014

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Previously, Couto et al [36] also observed in gilthead seabream that dietary soy purified antinutrients affected the PC but not DI histomorphology. Likewise, the absence of DI histomorphology alterations in gilthead seabream fed with different P/CH ratio diets was previously observed by other authors [11,37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios on Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Intestinal Functionality and Health

Basto-Silva

Serra

Castro

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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The present study evaluated the effects of feeding frequency (FF) and dietary protein/carbohydrate (P/CH) ratios on intestinal histomorphology, microbiota profile, and digestive and oxidative stress-related enzyme activities of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). To this purpose, two practical diets were formulated: one with 50% P and 10% CH (P50/CH10) and other with 40% P and 20% CH (P40/CH20). Triplicate groups of fish with 9.1 ± 0.01 g were fed these diets for 60 days until visual satiation at a FF of 1, 2, or 3 meals per day. Distal intestine histomorphology was not affected by diet composition or FF. However, the pyloric caeca (PC) of fish fed 1 meal per day presented more gut fold height alterations than the other groups, except in fish fed diet P50/CH10 3 meals per day, where no changes was observed. Fish fed diet P40/CH20 3 meals per day also presented higher PC submucosa cellularity than the other groups. Fish fed diet P40/CH20 presented a higher number of operational taxonomic units, microbial richness, and diversity indices than fish fed diet P50/CH10. Amylase was the only measured digestive enzyme affected by the experimental conditions, presenting higher activity in fish fed diet P50/CH10 once per day. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was lower in fish fed 2 meals per day than only 1. While catalase activity was lower in fish fed 2 than 3 meals per day. Glutathione reductase activity was the only measured parameter affected both by dietary P/CH ratio and FF, being inferior in fish fed once per day the P50/CH10 diet than the P40/CH20 diet and, also in the P50/CH10 diet, to fish fed 1 than those fed 3 meals per day. Overall, no major interactions was observed between dietary P/CH ratio and FF; however, a P40/CH20 diet fed 2 meals per day might be recommended for gilthead seabream juveniles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios on Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Intestinal Functionality and Health

Basto-Silva

Serra

Castro

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…SOD, CAT and GR reduction could be due to an impairment in ROS production caused by the low n-6/n-3 ratios (<1) of the diets containing linseed oil, since higher LPO levels were found in PL and RPL groups, while the levels were lower in the case of the RL group. Magalhaes et al [25,28] found similar results in LPO in gilthead sea bream fed diets supplemented with different ARA, EPA, and DHA levels. Moreover, it is known that CAT activity is enhanced by high levels of H 2 O 2 responding to an oxidative stress situation, while in the basal antioxidant situation the low H 2 O 2 levels induced GPx activity [5,62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Oxidative Status of the Pyloric Caeca and Proximal Intestine in Gilthead Sea Bream Fed Diets Including Different Vegetable Oil Blends from Palm, Rapeseed and Linseed

García-Meilán,

Fontanillas,

Gutiérrez

et al. 2024

Fishes

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Nowadays, including vegetable ingredients in fish diets without growth effects is common; however, their intestinal oxidative status under these conditions is less known. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with 75% vegetable oil (VO) inclusion were formulated for juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). As VO, one diet contained palm oil (diet P), another rapeseed oil (diet R), and the other three included linseed oil (L) combined with the above-mentioned VOs (named PL, RL and RPL diets). After 18 weeks, pyloric caeca (PC) and proximal intestine (PI) were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and gene expression. Dietary linseed oil diminished the superoxide dismutase activity in both intestinal regions, catalase in PC and glutathione reductase in PI; rapeseed oil reduced the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase activities in PC, and palm oil upregulated GPx activity in PI. The PL diet triggered LPO levels in the PI, and RPL-fed fish showed the highest levels of LPO in the PC due to lower antioxidant activities, while RL-fed fish presented the best oxidative status. The results suggest that the dietary amount of n-6 and the unsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio are factors to be considered in aquafeed formulation, including VOs, to improve the intestinal oxidative status in fish.

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“…DHA supplementation in HepG2 culture medium can significantly increase the expression and activity of SOD, CAT, and GPx, and reduce the level of reactive oxygen species [ 47 ]. Magalhães et al (2022) found that dietary DHA could increase the activities of SOD and GR in the liver of gilthead sea bream [ 48 ]. To reveal the possible roles of DHA in shellfish tolerance to DSTs, we observed the changes in metabolic detoxification, antioxidant gene expression, and damage to digestive gland tissues in the P. lima -exposed P. viridis after addition of 10 µM DHA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Response to Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins in the Mussel Perna viridis

et al. 2023

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Marine bivalves are rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid known to be beneficial for human health; however, the potential role of DHA in protecting shellfish from the toxicity of diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed to study the effect of DHA on the response of the bivalve, Perna viridis, to DSTs by using LC-MS/MS, RT-qPCR, and histological examination. In this study, we observed that the DHA content decreased significantly with esterification of DSTs in the digestive gland of the mussel P. viridis after 96 h of exposure to Prorocentrum lima, a DST-producing dinoflagellate. The addition of DHA significantly increased the esterification level of DSTs and increased the expression of Nrf2 signaling pathway-related genes and enzyme activities, alleviating the damage of DSTs to digestive glands. These results suggested that DHA may mediate the esterification of DSTs and activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in P. viridis to protect mussels from the toxic effects of DSTs. This study may provide new insights regarding the response of bivalves to DSTs and lay the foundation for uncovering the role of DHA in environmental adaptation of bivalves.

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Effects of dietary ARA, DHA, and carbohydrates levels on gilthead sea bream liver and intestine oxidative stress, tissue histomorphology, and gut microbiota

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios on Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Intestinal Functionality and Health

Effects of Feeding Frequency and Dietary Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios on Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Intestinal Functionality and Health

Oxidative Status of the Pyloric Caeca and Proximal Intestine in Gilthead Sea Bream Fed Diets Including Different Vegetable Oil Blends from Palm, Rapeseed and Linseed

Possible Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Response to Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins in the Mussel Perna viridis

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