Effects of dietary cellobiose on the intestinal microbiota and excretion of nitrogen metabolites in healthy adult dogs

Abstract

In order to evaluate the potential prebiotic effects of cellobiose, 10 healthy adult research beagle dogs received a complete diet containing 0, 0.5 and 1 g cellobiose/kg bodyweight (BW)/day. At the end of each feeding period, faeces, urine and blood of the dogs were collected. The results demonstrated a significant increase of faecal lactate concentrations, indicating a bacterial fermentation of cellobiose in the canine intestine. Along with this, a dose-dependent linear increase of the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae in the faeces of the dogs was observed (p = 0.014). In addition, a dosedependent increase (p < 0.05) of Alloprevotella, Bacteroides and Prevotella, and a linear decrease for unidentified Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.011) was observed when cellobiose was added to the diet, although the relative abundance of these genera was low (<1%) among all groups. The faecal pH was not affected by dietary cellobiose. Cellobiose seemed to modulate the excretion of nitrogen metabolites, as lower concentrations of phenol (p = 0.034) and 4-ethylphenol (p = 0.002) in the plasma of the dogs were measured during the supplementation periods. Urinary phenols and indoles, however, were not affected by the dietary supplementation of cellobiose. In conclusion, cellobiose seems to be fermented by the intestinal microbiota of dogs. Although no effect on the faecal pH was detected, the observed increase of microbial lactate production might lower the pH in the large intestine and consecutively modulate the intestinal absorption of nitrogen metabolites. Also, the observed changes of some bacterial genera might have been mediated by increased intestinal lactate concentrations or a higher relative abundance of lactobacilli. Whether these results could be considered as a prebiotic effect and used as a dietetic strategy in diseased animals to improve gut function or hepatic and renal nitrogen metabolism should be evaluated in future studies.

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Dietary Lipid Sources on Dogs’ Faecal Microbial Population and Activities

“…Considering the increase in Lactobacillus , this data is unexpected. Indeed, the increase in the lactate concentrations in the faeces of the dogs indicates a promotion of lactic acid bacteria in the intestine, demonstrating a linear increase in Lactobacillaceae [ 57 ]. Concerning the ammonia results, the HL1 group reported a significant decrease in the ammonia value compared with the HS and HL2 groups.…”

“…It might also be possible to assume that these results may have been caused by the presence of secondary compounds in hemp. Indeed, Cannabis sativa plants and co-products contain a multitude of chemicals, including phytocannabinoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and sterols [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

The influence of food processing methods on serum parameters, apparent total-tract macronutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota and SCFA content in adult beagles

“…This study showed that Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , Fusobacteria , Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the main genera in dogs, which was the same as that reported by Paßlack et al . [ 15 ]. There have been many studies on the influence of food processing methods on animal intestinal microbiota [ 4 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Investigations on the Use of Dried Food Residues as a Potential Dietary Ingredient for Cats

“…The instructions of the manufacturer were followed, with the exception of a lysis step at 90 • C. For amplicon sequencing, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene was targeted, and the 16S rDNA sequences were finally analyzed with the QIIME2 pipeline [13] and the SILVA SSU database [14]. More details on the method used are provided by Paßlack et al [15]. The full data set of the sequencing is available at the NCBI BioProject database under ID PRJNA755187.…”

“…The indoxyl sulfate concentrations were measured in the plasma using the method of Chen et al [18] and highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC Agilent 1100, Agilent Technologies, CA, USA). The phenol and indole concentrations in the plasma were also measured with the HPLC Agilent 1100 (Agilent Technologies, CA, USA), more details are provided by Paßlack et al [15]. The urinary phenol and indole concentrations were determined by gas chromatography (GC 6890 N, Agilent Technologies), as specified by Eisenhauer et al [19].…”