Effects of dietary fats (fish, olive and high-oleic-acid sunflower oils) on lipid composition and antioxidant enzymes in rat liver

Abstract

The effects of two oleic-acid-rich diets (containing olive oil, OO, and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil, HOSO) on plasma and liver lipid composition detoxification enzyme activities, were compared with those of a fish-oil (FO) diet and a control diet. Compared with the control diet, plasma and hepatic total triacylglycerol concentrations were increased in the animals fed on the HOSO and OO diets and decreased in those fed on the FO diet. The animals fed on FO showed the highest level of cholesterol in the liver and had lower plasma cholesterol concentrations when compared with those fed on the two oleic-acid-rich diets. In comparison with the animals fed on the diets enriched in oleic acid, the FO group showed higher hepatic levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series and lower levels of fatty acids of the n-6 series. Livers of FO-fed rats, compared with those of OO-and HOSO-fed rats showed: (1) significantly higher activities of catalase (EC 1.11.

Phospholipid, Oleic Acid Micelles and Dietary Olive Oil Influence the Lutein Absorption and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Rats

“…This could be the reason for lower MDA levels in the OO group. Changes in the liver fatty acid composition may be due to unsaturated lipids in SFO; in turn they may enhance the efficiency of the SOD and GSH-Px [31,32]. Since lutein is an antioxidant, it may be involved in the protective action against oxidative reactions [1].…”

Oxidized fat induces oxidative stress but has no effect on NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory gene transcription in porcine intestinal epithelial cells

“…In addition, oxidized fatty acids were demonstrated to be efficiently taken up by the enterocyte [25]. Regarding the connection between oxidative stress and the induction of inflammatory responses, we also determined the treatment effect on the enterocyte antioxidant defense system, which is sensitive to the induction of oxidative stress [26] and largely contributes to the mucosal defense against diet-derived oxidants [27]. To further elucidate potential PPARg-dependent effects of oxidized fat in vivo, we also analyzed the effect of treatment on plasma and HDL cholesterol concentrations as well as on apo A-I formation.…”

Ketone Body Therapy Protects From Lipotoxicity and Acute Liver Failure Upon Pparα Deficiency

“…However, in rodents, administration of pharmacological high-doses of FO, which are enriched in n-3 PUFA with high degree of unsaturation, modifies the antioxidant response, thus triggering hepatic OS and generation of toxic LPO products that form adducts with proteins and nucleic acids (27)(28)(29)(30). Accordingly, FO fail to prevent steatohepatitis in mice fed a methionine and choline-deficient diet due to the increase of hepatic lipoperoxides, which provoke lipotoxic hepatocellular injury (31).…”