Effects of Dietary Fats on Human Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Patterns*

Farquhar, John W.; Ahrens, E. H.

doi:10.1172/jci104759

Cited by 264 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This conclusion was supported by the expected observation 8 that the proportion of EPA in the erythrocyte phosphoglycerides increased in the MaxEPAtreated group from 1.6 ± 0.18 wt% to 4.6 ± 0.22 (p < 0.01) after the supplement was taken, whereas there was no change in the vegetable-oil-treated group. As expected, 21 the proportion of linoleic acid in the erythrocyte phosphoglycerides was only slightly increased by use of the vegetable-oil-supplement from 11.9 ± 0.42 wt% to 12.4 ± 0.38 (p < 0.01).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Sanders¹,

Sullivan²,

Reeve³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

194

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Twenty male patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia were treated for 4 weeks with daily supplements (15 g) of oil, which provided approximately 6 g of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) either of fish or of vegetable origin. Total plasma cholesterol concentrations were unaffected, but both types of supplement increased high density lipoprotein-3 (HDL 3 ) cholesterol concentrations. The fish, but not the vegetable, oil supplement led to a decrease in plasma triglyceride concentrations. Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), fatty acid composition, and VLDL triglyceride kinetics were subsequently studied in five patients (four male, one female) before and after 4 weeks of therapy with 15 g of the same fish oil. The fish oil led to increases in the proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid in both the VLDL triglyceride and phospholipid fractions, but the increase was greater in the latter. In contrast, the proportion of docosahexanoic acid was increased only in the VLDL triglycerides. The decrease in plasma triglyceride concentrations that occurred with fish-oil therapy was accompanied by a reduction in the absolute catabolic rate of VLDL triglyceride, implying a concomitant change in synthetic rate; the fractional catabolic rate of VLDL triglyceride was unaltered. It is suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids of marine origin may be therapeutically useful for hypertriglyceridemia. (Arteriosclerosis 5:459-465, September/October 1985)

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Sanders¹,

Sullivan²,

Reeve³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

194

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Median energy intakes and individual dietary items were all lower than those reported in three recent surveys surveys in Britain (Bingham et al, 1981;Fehilly et al, 1984;Thomson et al, 1985), but probably reflects the advanced age of those we studied. An interesting observation in both groups was the inverse correlation between age and the consumption of unsaturated fats relative to saturated fats.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 70%

Dietary fat in relation to fatty acid composition of red cells and adipose tissue in colorectal cancer

Neoptolemos

Clayton²,

Heagerty³

et al. 1988

Br J Cancer

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Summary Fatty acids were determined in erythrocytes in 49 patients with colorectal cancer and compared with age and sex-matched controls. Marginally increased levels of stearic acid (P=0.057) and oleic acid (P=0.064) and decreased arachidonic acid (P=0.043) occurred in cancer patients. There was no difference in the stearic to oleic acid ratio between the two groups. Dietary intake, assessed by dietary recall and adipose tissue analysis was also not different. In control subjects the polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S) fatty acid ratio correlated betwen diet and adipose tissue (P<0.001) but not erythrocytes; there was a three way correlation between dietary, erythrocyte and adipose linoleic acid (P<0.01, at least). In contrast cancer patients showed different correlations; in particular dietary and erythrocyte P:S fatty acid ratios correlated (P<0.01).These findings may indicate disturbed fat metabolism in cancer patients. The erythrocyte stearic to oleic acid ratio is of no diagnostic value.Recently much interest has been aroused by reports of abnormalities of fatty acids in erythrocytes obtained from patients with a variety of solid tumours arising from the gastrointestinal tract (Wood et al., 1985;Habib et al., 1987). In particular, a reduced ratio of stearic acid (18:0) to oleic acid (18:1, n-9) has been found (Wood et al., 1985). This has been attributed to a circulating desaturation factor of cell membrane fatty acids in cancer patients (Habib et al., 1987). A close correlation has been reported between this ratio and the Dukes' stage of colonic cancers (Habib et al., 1986) and curative resection results in the fatty acid ratio returning to normal (Wood et al., 1985). However, others have raised objections about the matching of the patients with control subjects (Metcalfe et al., 1985).The present study was therefore undertaken to assess the erythrocyte fatty acid profile in a relatively homogeneous group of patients with cancer (colon and rectum) using closely matched controls. The possible influence of dietary fat on the red cell fatty acid profile was also assessed by determining intake using seven-day dietary recall and measuring the fatty acid composition of adipose tisue. Patients and methodsForty-nine patients with colorectal cancer were studied, of whom 42 were admitted for elective surgery. None of these patients had sutained any weight loss. Eleven had Dukes' A, 20 had Dukes' B and 11 had Dukes' C adenocarcinomas. The other seven patients had clinically recurrent colorectal cancer following previous resection, although only four had sustained a > 10% weight loss. The mean age was 69.0 years (range 49-92 years) of whom 30 were men and 19 were women. Patients presenting as emergencies with obstruction, perforation and bleeding requiring blood transfusion were deliberately excluded.The control population consisted of an equal number of patients admitted for elective surgery for benign diseases (e.g., varicose veins or abdominal wall herniae) at the same time as those with cancer and were matched for age...

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“…rials. 24,42,[49][50][51] We here observed that erythrocyte compositions of DHA and n-3 HUFAs (not including EPA) had positive associations with those of n-6 PUFAs and AA (partial Pearson's correlation coefficients, r 5 0.47 to 0.67, p < 0.0001 for all). We need to clarify competitive inhibition between AA and n-3 HUFAs series regarding (i) incorporation into membrane phospholipids; (ii) desaturation and elongation of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 to biosynthesize AA and EPA; (iii) generation of corresponding AA-and EPA-derived eicosanoids by cyclooxygenases; and (iv) regulation of such eicosanoids biosynthesis and catabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Breast cancer risk and erythrocyte compositions of n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in Japanese

Kuriki

Hirose

Wakai

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Dietary intake of fish rich in n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been proposed to decrease cancer risk. In contrast to results from laboratory studies, however, protective effects for breast cancer have proved equivocal in epidemiological studies. In the present case-control study, we examined associations between breast cancer risk and fatty acid compositions in erythrocyte membranes as biomarkers for those intakes. Dietary information and blood samples were collected from 103 incident breast cancer cases and 309 non-cancer controls (matched by age and season) and erythrocyte fatty acids were measured using accelerated solvent extraction and gas-liquid chromatography. Dietary intake of n-3 HUFAs demonstrated a negative association with risk (the highest to the lowest tertile, odds ratio (OR), 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.27-0.98; p trend < 0.05), but there was no association with those of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and meat. Moreover, risk was inversely associated with erythrocyte compositions of EPA (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14-0.53; p trend < 0.0001), DHA (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02-0.16; p trend < 0.0001) and n-3 HUFAs (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.05-0.24; p trend < 0.0001), and positively with that of SFAs (OR, 12.29; 95% CI,; p trend < 0.0001) and the ratio of SFAs/n-3 HUFAs (OR, 14.65; 95% CI,; p trend < 0.0001). In conclusion, we showed that erythrocyte compositions of specific fatty acids derived from fish intake, as biomarkers, are associated with lower risk of breast cancer, but further studies are needed to investigate mechanisms linked to the etiology. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Effects of Dietary Fats on Human Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Patterns*

Cited by 264 publications

References 21 publications

Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Triglyceride-lowering effect of marine polyunsaturates in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Dietary fat in relation to fatty acid composition of red cells and adipose tissue in colorectal cancer

Breast cancer risk and erythrocyte compositions of n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in Japanese

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