Effects of dietary marine microalgae,Tetraselmis suecica, on production, gene expression, protein markers and bacterial count of Pacificwhite shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The marine flagellated Chlorophyta Tetraselmis suecica is among the most important live food species in marine aquaculture. In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation of dried marine microalgae, Tetraselmis suecica, on growth performance; feed utilization; chemical composition; gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-II) gene of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei; muscle protein polymorphism; and microbial count were assessed and evaluated. Three hundred and sixty L. vannamei (postlarvae) Pls (0.124 ± 0.002 g) were randomly stocked into 40-L glass aquaria (30 shrimp/aquarium) and fed three times daily four tested diets: a basal diet (control), diet incorporated with 2.5 g kg −1 dried T. suecica (T1), 5 g kg −1 dried T. suecica (T2) and 7.5 g kg −1 dried T. suecica (T3) in triplicates, for 90 days. At the end of the trial, the survival rate (SR) of L. vannamei fed diets supplemented with different levels of T. suecica was significantly (p < .05) higher than the control diet. The highest weight gain and specific growth rate and the best feed conversion ratio were recorded on L. vannamei fed a diet supplemented with a 7.5 g/kg dried T. suecica. The highest protein, lipid and ash contents were obtained in L. vannamei fed the diet containing 7.5 g/ kg T. suecica, when compared with the remaining tested diets. The gene expression of antioxidant genes SOD and GPx was the lowest in the T3 group in comparison with the control group. Meanwhile, expression level of IGF-II was higher in the T2 group.The total heterotrophic bacterial count was significantly (p < .05) increased with the cumulative T. suecica level, while no significant (p > .05) differences were found in the total Vibrio count among treatments. Overall, the present results have shown that the diet supplemented with the highest inclusion level of dried T. suecica resulted in improved growth and nutrient utilization.

Potential Applications of Native Cyanobacterium Isolate (Arthrospira platensis NIOF17/003) for Biodiesel Production and Utilization of Its Byproduct in Marine Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) Production

“…Protein is considered the most important ingredients in aquaculture diets. Recently, the microalgae biomass has been extensively utilized in aquatic animal feed, resulting in enhanced growth and survival [9]. Marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis is considered the main zooplankton utilized as live food for marine larvae in marine hatcheries [81,82].…”

“…At present, biodiesel's production cost is from 1.5 to 3-fold more than fossil diesel due to the high cost of raw feedstocks and unavailability of oil crops utilized for human food consumption [2]. Algal biomass are considered an attractive natural source of bioactive materials that can be utilized in several applications such as food industry [3], pharmaceuticals [4], cosmetics [5], biogas and biodiesel [6,7], antimicrobial and antioxidant activities [3,8], aquaculture [9][10][11][12], biofertilizers and bioremediation [13][14][15][16]. Therefore, the screening of native microalgae species is necessary to realize a potent algal database with effective commercial biotechnological applications [3,17].…”

Impact of Seaweed Liquid Extract Biostimulant on Growth, Yield, and Chemical Composition of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

“…The employment of seaweed extracts as biostimulants in agricultural practices is very ancient, having been in use since early plant breeding [3]. Based on their nutritional values, algal cells (either microalgae or seaweeds) represent a treasury of sources of dyes, proteins, fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), polysaccharides, minerals, and antioxidants, as well as plenty of biological components [5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, seaweeds have important environmental functions, being one of the most important components of marine ecosystems [10].…”

Effect of Pterocladia capillacea Seaweed Extracts on Growth Parameters and Biochemical Constituents of Jew’s Mallow

“…Many studies have reported that the constituents, diversity, and communities of marine algae are affected by variations in environmental parameters and nutrient limitation [65][66][67][68][69][70]. During the last few years, the attention on scientific and commercial interest to biotechnological applications of algae as a sustainable source and global commercial for aquaculture [71][72][73][74][75], biofuel [12,76], extracts [77,78], food supplement, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics were increased [12].…”