Effects of Dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA Ratios on Lipid Levels and Fatty Acid Profile of Cherry Valley Ducks at 15–42 Days of Age

Li, Mengmeng; Zhai, Shuangshuang; Xie, Qiang; Tian, Li; XiaoCun, Li; Zhang, Jiaming; Ye, Hui; Zhu, Yating; Yang, Lin; Wang, Wence

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02918

“…The deposition of fatty acids in meat was a complex and dynamic process, that could be affected by various factors such as age, sex, breed and rearing conditions of the animals. In the current study, we identified 20 fatty acids in duck breast muscle and found that the species and predominance order of indicated fatty acids were similar to previous reports [14,27,28]. We compared the composition of fatty acid between male and female ducks and found that it was really difficult to make a clear conclusion about the influence of duck sex on fatty acid composition of breast muscle.…”

Section: Effect Of Age Sex and Breeds On The Accumulation Of Fatty Asupporting

confidence: 79%

Dynamic accumulation of fatty acids in duck (Anas platyrhynchos) breast muscle and its correlations with gene expression

Fan

¹

,

Liu

²

,

Liu

³

et al. 2020

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Background: Fatty acid composition contributes greatly to the quality and nutritional value of meat. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying fatty acid accumulation in poultry have not yet been cleared. The aims of this study were to characterize the dynamics of fatty acid accumulation in duck breast muscle and investigate its correlations with gene expression. Results: Here, we analyzed the fatty acid profile and transcriptome of breast muscle derived from Pekin ducks and mallards at the ages of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks. Twenty fatty acids were detected in duck breast muscle, with palmitic acid (C16:0, 16.6%~21.1%), stearic acid (C18:0, 9.8%~17.7%), oleic acid (C18:1n-9, 15.7%3 3.8%), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, 10.8%~18.9%) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6, 11.7%~28.9%) as the major fatty acids. Our results showed that fatty acid composition was similar between the two breeds before 6 weeks, but the compositions diverged greatly after this point, mainly due to the stronger capacity for C16:0 and C18:1n-9 deposition in Pekin ducks. By comparing the multistage transcriptomes of Pekin ducks and mallards, we identified 2025 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Cluster analysis of these DEGs revealed that the genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid degradation and the PPAR signaling pathway were upregulated in mallard at 8 weeks. Moreover, correlation analysis of the DEGs and fatty acid composition traits suggested that the DEGs involved in lipogenesis, lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation may interact to influence the deposition of fatty acids in duck breast muscle. Conclusions: We reported the temporal progression of fatty acid accumulation and the dynamics of the transcriptome in breast muscle of Pekin ducks and mallards. Our results provide insights into the transcriptome regulation of fatty acid accumulation in duck breast muscle, and will facilitate improvements of fatty acid composition in duck breeding.

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“…Fatty acid profiles of LDM and SAT samples were determined by gas chromatography as previously reported [15]. Briefly, samples were extracted with a mixture of chloroform and methanol (2:1; v/v) according to the methods previously described [16].…”

Section: Fatty Acid Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratio Regulates Meat Quality, Reduces Triglyceride Content, and Improves Fatty Acid Composition of Meat in Heigai Pigs

Nong

¹

,

Wang

²

,

Zhou

³

et al. 2020

Animals

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on growth performance, meat quality, and fatty acid profile in Heigai pigs. A total of 54 Heigai finishing pigs (body weight: 71.59 ± 2.16 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with six replications (three pigs per replication) and fed diets containing different n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios: 8:1, 5:1, and 3:1. Pigs fed the dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio of 8:1 had the highest feed to gain ratio (p < 0.01), carcass weight (p < 0.05), redness a* (p < 0.01), and yellowness b* (p < 0.01). Fatty acid compositions in longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were significantly changed (p < 0.01). Notably, the meat from the pigs fed with the low dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio had higher n-3 PUFA contents (p < 0.01) and lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio (p < 0.01). The triglyceride and total cholesterol contents were significantly decreased in SAT from the pigs fed with dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 (p < 0.05) and 3:1 (p < 0.01). Reducing n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio upregulated the expression of HSL (p < 0.05), CPT1 (p < 0.01), and FABP4 (p < 0.01) but downregulated ATGL (p < 0.01) expression. These results demonstrate that the lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio regulates meat quality and enhances the deposition of n-3 PUFA in Heigai pigs.

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“…In aquatic animals, health status is generally considered to be closely related to their antioxidant stress capacity. It has been reported that the substitution of FM with BSFM in fish diets could enhance the antioxidant properties by increasing the activities of certain antioxidant enzymes (T-SOD and GSH-Px) along with T-AOC (Li et al, 2017;[23, 39-41]). In this study, hepatic GSH-Px and T-SOD activities together with T-AOC significantly augmented in the 10%, 15%, and 20% BSFM diet groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All indicators were measured under the manufacturer's protocols. 2017) [23]. The moisture content of the samples was determined by high-temperature drying (105 °C) for 2 h. The crude protein was quantified by Kjeldahl method after acid treatment.…”

Section: Measurements Of Hepatic Antioxidant and Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Partial Substitution of Fish Meal with Defatted Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Diets on Growth Performance, Biochemical Parameters, and Body Composition of Juvenile Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Shang

¹

,

Man

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSFM) has been widely applied in aquaculture production due to its rich nutritional value, easy availability, and renewability. However, to our knowledge, it has not been used in the diets for turtles. Here, we evaluated the acceptability of partial substitution of fish meal (FM) with defatted BSFM in the diets of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis). A total of 225 juvenile turtles were randomly divided into D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 groups, which were fed with BSFM replacing 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% FM, respectively, for 70 days. The results showed that growth performances of groups D2 and D3 were not significantly different ( P > 0.05 ) from that of group D1, whereas the growth performance compromised ( P < 0.05 ) in groups D4 and D5. The activity of serum alkaline phosphatase was higher ( P < 0.05 ) in group D3 relative to other groups, while alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were higher ( P < 0.05 ) in group D4 when compared with groups D1, D2, and D3. Liver lysozyme activity and malonaldehyde level were significantly higher ( P < 0.05 ) in group D1 relative to other groups, whereas total antioxidant capacity activity showed the opposite trend ( P < 0.05 ). The activities of hepatic total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase displayed a linear elevation ( P = 0.011 and P < 0.001 , respectively) from groups D1 to D3. Intestinal amylase and protease activities linearly increased ( P < 0.001 ) with increasing BSFM levels, while intestinal lipase activity showed a quadratic increase and then a decrease with increasing BSFM levels ( P = 0.011 ). Muscle crude protein and fat contents increased ( P < 0.05 ) in group D3 when compared with groups D1 and D2. Muscle phenylalanine, glutamic, tryptophan, and arginine levels increased in group D1 in comparison with the other groups ( P < 0.05 ), whereas the opposite was true for isoleucine and proline levels. The broken-line analysis based on specific growth rate estimated that the optimal level for replacing dietary FM with BSFM is 5.0%, which could elicit benefits on both the growth performance and physiological health condition of the juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

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Effects of Dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA Ratios on Lipid Levels and Fatty Acid Profile of Cherry Valley Ducks at 15–42 Days of Age

Cited by 24 publications

References 47 publications

Dynamic accumulation of fatty acids in duck (Anas platyrhynchos) breast muscle and its correlations with gene expression

Dynamic accumulation of fatty acids in duck (Anas platyrhynchos) breast muscle and its correlations with gene expression

Low Dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratio Regulates Meat Quality, Reduces Triglyceride Content, and Improves Fatty Acid Composition of Meat in Heigai Pigs

Influences of Partial Substitution of Fish Meal with Defatted Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Diets on Growth Performance, Biochemical Parameters, and Body Composition of Juvenile Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis)

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