Effects of dietary polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in rodents and humans. A review

Lombardo, Yolanda B.; Chicco, Adriana

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.08.002

Cited by 322 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…It has been con 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension. In ad-firmed that many enzymes synthesized in the liver dition, they are essential for normal growth and de-and involved in fatty acid synthesis are affected by velopment (Gillingham et al, 2005; Lombardo and PUFA, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty Chicco, 2006;Lunn and Buttriss, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition and liver relative enzyme mRNA expression of growing meat rabbits

Du¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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KEY WORDS. rabbit, α-linolenic acid, growthABSTRACT. The effects of five levels of added α-linolenic acid (ALA) (0, 1, 2, performance, meat quality, fatty acids, mRNA 3, and 4 g · kg -1 diet, as-fed basis) in diets on growth performance, meat qualexpression ity, fatty acid composition of muscle and liver, and expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) mRNA in the liver of growing meat rabbits were studied. A quadratic effect of ALA addition on average daily intake was found (P < 0.0001). ALA addition had a significant influence on muscle colour of longissimus lumborum (LL), including L*, a*, and b* (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0007, and P = 0.0120, respectively). The monoun- tents in the LL and liver increased with dietary ALA increase (P = 0.0006, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). The expression of ACC mRNA in the liver decreased (P < 0.0001), that of CPT 1, increased

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition and liver relative enzyme mRNA expression of growing meat rabbits

Du¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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show abstract

“…However, several intervention studies concerning LC n-3 PUFA supplementation and insulin resistance have reported negative outcomes, which require further clarification [9]. The mechanism responsible for the possible fish oilinduced prevention of insulin resistance is unclear, but different studies have demonstrated a strong association between elevated triacylglycerol concentration (plasma and/ or tissues) and insulin resistance [10]. In animal models, insulin resistance is significantly correlated with hepatic or plasma triacylglycerol content [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of long-chain n-3 fatty acids included in an energy-restricted diet on insulin resistance in overweight and obese European young adults

et al. 2008

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Aims/hypothesis Epidemiological research indicates that long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) improve insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seafood consumption on insulin resistance in overweight participants during energy restriction. Methods In this 8 week dietary intervention, 324 participants (20-40 years, BMI 27.5-32.5 kg/m 2 , from Iceland, Spain and Ireland) were randomised by computer to one of four energyrestricted diets (−30E%) of identical macronutrient composition but different LC n-3 PUFA content: control (n=80; no seafood; single-blinded); lean fish (n=80; 150 g cod, three times/week); fatty fish (n=84; 150 g salmon, three times/ week); (4) fish oil (n=80; daily docosahexaenoic/eicosapentaenoic acid capsules, no other seafood; single-blinded). Fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, plasma triacylglycerol and fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane were measured at baseline and endpoint. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Linear models with fixed effects and covariates were used to investigate the effects of seafood consumption on fasting insulin and HOMA-IR at endpoint in comparison with the control group. Results Of the participants, 278 (86%) completed the intervention. Fish oil intake was a significant predictor of fasting insulin and insulin resistance after 8 weeks, and this finding remained significant even after including weight loss, triacylglycerol reduction, increased LC n-3 PUFA in membranes or adiponectin changes as covariates in the statistical analysis. Weight loss was also a significant predictor of improvements. Conclusions/interpretation LC n-3 PUFA consumption during energy reduction exerts positive effects on insulin resistance in young overweight individuals, independently from changes in body weight, triacylglycerol, erythrocyte membrane or adiponectin.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00315770.

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“…A variety of foods, and their components, have been proposed as useful agents in the prevention of the onset of metabolic syndrome (Shirai et al, 2006c;Shirai and Suzuki, 2003;Kao et al, 2006;Borek, 2006;Murakami et al, 2005). In particular, there is evidence that intake of fish oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) may help prevent CHD and diabetes (Ebbesson et al, 2005;Lombardo and Chicco, 2006;Shirai and Suzuki, 2004;Carpentier et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

Shirai

Higuchi

Suzuki

2008

FSTR

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Male mice (11 months old) were fed 5% lard, fish oil, or kazunoko (salted fish roe product) lipids for 4 months to investigate the effects of diet on plasma glucose and adipocytokines. Plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in the fish oil group than in the lard group and there was a non-significant tendency towards lower levels in the kazunoko lipid group. Plasma leptin and adiponectin levels were also significantly higher in fish oil group than in lard group and resistin levels were significantly lower in the kazunoko lipid group than the lard group, but not the fish oil group. The results suggest that kazunoko lipids might be effective as a dietary component in the prevention of coronary heart disease and diabetes even though the metabolic effects of kazunoko lipids were different from those of fish oil.

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Effects of dietary polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in rodents and humans. A review

Cited by 322 publications

References 116 publications

The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition and liver relative enzyme mRNA expression of growing meat rabbits

The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition and liver relative enzyme mRNA expression of growing meat rabbits

Beneficial effects of long-chain n-3 fatty acids included in an energy-restricted diet on insulin resistance in overweight and obese European young adults

A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

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