Effects of Dietary Sialic Acid in n-3 Fatty Acid-Deficient Dams during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Learning Abilities of Their Pups after Weaning

Hiratsuka, Seiichi; Honma, Hirotoshi; Saitoh, Yoichi; Yasuda, Yuki; Yokogoshi, Hidehiko

doi:10.3177/jnsv.59.136

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…With regards to cognitive evaluation, several behavioral tests were implemented consisting of two classical tests including the Y Maze with blocked arm and NORT, as well as a novel cognitive paradigm performed in the IntelliCage ® system. Y maze and NORT have been used in previous animal studies to evaluate the effects of nutrition on cognition [ 53 , 54 ] and were conducted at both ages in the present work. IntelliCage ® paradigm was only performed in adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sialic Acid and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Supplementation during Lactation Improves Learning and Memory in Rats

et al. 2018

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Sialic acids (Sia) are postulated to improve cognitive abilities. This study evaluated Sia effects on rat behavior when administered in a free form as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or conjugated as 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL). Rat milk contains Sia, which peaks at Postnatal Day 9 and drops to a minimum by Day 15. To bypass this Sia peak, a cohort of foster mothers was used to raise the experimental pups. A group of pups received a daily oral supplementation of Neu5Ac to mimic the amount naturally present in rat milk, and another group received the same molar amount of Sia as 6′-SL. The control group received water. After weaning, rats were submitted to behavioral evaluation. One year later, behavior was re-evaluated, and in vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) was performed. Brain samples were collected and analyzed at both ages. Adult rats who received Sia performed significantly better in the behavioral assessment and showed an enhanced LTP compared to controls. Within Sia groups, 6′-SL rats showed better scores in some cognitive outcomes compared to Neu5Ac rats. At weaning, an effect on polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) levels in the frontal cortex was only observed in 6′-SL fed rats. Providing Sia during lactation, especially as 6′-SL, improves memory and LTP in adult rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sialic Acid and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Supplementation during Lactation Improves Learning and Memory in Rats

et al. 2018

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“…24,163 In addition, in rats, feeding SA during pregnancy and lactation improved the recognition index of rat pups. 159 Together, these animal studies suggest that oral SL or SA administration increases brain SA content and can improve learning function. Whether brain dysfunction in later life is related to a shortage of SA or sialylated oligosaccharides in early life remains a matter of speculation.…”

Section: Brain and Cognitive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A recent study in rats showed that feeding dietary SA to pregnant and lactating rats but not to their litters did not affect total SA content in the cortex of the rat pups. 159 Another study showed that, when SA was fed to both the mothers and the pups, cortical ganglioside SA content did increase. 160 In addition, SA feeding in aged rats normalized brain SA levels displayed on gangliosides to the levels measured in young rats.…”

Section: Brain and Cognitive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary SA supplementation in developing piglets exposed to active learning tests resulted in increased learning and memory function, increased sialylated brain proteins, and increased levels of mRNA expression of uridine‐diphospho‐ N ‐acetlylglucosamine‐2‐epimerase, a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of SA, in brain and liver . In addition, in rats, feeding SA during pregnancy and lactation improved the recognition index of rat pups . Together, these animal studies suggest that oral SL or SA administration increases brain SA content and can improve learning function.…”

Section: Potential Effects Of Sialyllactose and Sialylated Oligosacchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional role and mechanisms of sialyllactose and other sialylated milk oligosaccharides

et al. 2014

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Human milk is a rich source of oligosaccharides. Acidic oligosaccharides, such as sialyllactose (SL), contain sialic acid (SA) residues. In human milk, approximately 73% of SA is bound to oligosaccharides, whereas only 3% is present in free form. Oligosaccharides are highly resistant to hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract. Only a small portion of the available oligosaccharides in breast milk is absorbed in the neonatal small intestine. SL and sialylated oligosaccharides are thought to have significant health benefits for the neonate, because of their roles in supporting resistance to pathogens, gut maturation, immune function, and cognitive development. The need for SA to allow proper development during the neonatal period is thought to exceed the endogenous synthesis. Therefore, these structures are important nutrients for the neonate. Based on the potential benefits, SL and sialylated oligosaccharides may be interesting components for application in infant nutrition. Once the hurdle of limited availability of these oligosaccharides has been overcome, their functionality can be explored in more detail, and supplementation of infant formula may become feasible.

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“…Studies supplementing sialic acid in rats during pregnancy and lactation have shown that the offspring of these dams demonstrated enhanced learning abilities [33]. Offspring of females exposed to SBT and control groups went through spatial memory tests for 5 days using a Morris water maze after postnatal day 70.…”

Section: (G) Morris Water Maze Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-generational impact of a male murine pheromone 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole in female mice

et al. 2015

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The current understanding of the activity of mammalian pheromones is that endocrine and behavioural effects are limited to the exposed individuals. Here, we demonstrate that the nasal exposure of female mice to a male murine pheromone stimulates expansion of mammary glands, leading to prolonged nursing of pups. Subsequent behavioural testing of the pups from pheromone-exposed dams exhibited enhanced learning. Sialic acid components in the milk are known to be involved in brain development. We hypothesized that the offspring might have received more of this key nutrient that promotes brain development. The mRNA for polysialyltransferase, which produces polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecules related to brain development, was increased in the brain of offspring of pheromone-exposed dams at post-natal day 10, while it was not different at embryonic stages, indicating possible differential brain development during early post-natal life.

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Effects of Dietary Sialic Acid in n-3 Fatty Acid-Deficient Dams during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Learning Abilities of Their Pups after Weaning

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Sialic Acid and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Supplementation during Lactation Improves Learning and Memory in Rats

Sialic Acid and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Supplementation during Lactation Improves Learning and Memory in Rats

Functional role and mechanisms of sialyllactose and other sialylated milk oligosaccharides

Cross-generational impact of a male murine pheromone 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole in female mice

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