Effects of dietary supplementation with astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) root or leaf meal on the hematology, serum biochemical parameters, histomorphology, oxidative status, and resistance of Phoxinus lagowskii against bacterial infection

Dietary Supplementation of Astragalus membranaceus Extract Affects Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Response, and Energy Metabolism of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

“…Singguoensis♂ [58] reported as well the elevation of CAT activities, while decreased MDA contents were recorded in L. crocea [44] and D. rerio [28] treated with AME. The increased activities of SOD and GSH-PX were also elucidated in researches on the effects of AME or Astragalus polysaccharides on S. maximus [30], L. macrochirus [45], and Amur minnow Phoxinus lagowskii [59], and also enhanced antioxidant system in researches on effects of flavonoids on C. argus and E. sinensis [33,52,60], holistically emphasizing the beneficial effects of AME and Astragalus active components on protecting antioxidant capabilities.…”

“…These collectively showed an increase in intestinal absorption area. Studies on L. calcarifer [29], E. lanceolatus♂ × E. fuscoguttatus♀ [41], P. lagowskii [59], and C. carpio [31] all reported the increase of intestinal villi height, presenting the effects of AME on potentiating gut digestion and absorption [61]. Apart from the influences on villi height, AME also notably altered the width of lamina propria and the thickness of the submucosal layer, suggesting the strengthening of gut immunity.…”

Effect of Toxicity of Chromium (VI) Stressors Alone and Combined to High Temperature on the Histopathological, Antioxidation, Immunity, and Energy Metabolism in Fish Phoxinus lagowskii

“…After centrifuging the blood at 3000 revolutions per minute for 10 min, the non-hemolyzed plasma was stored in a deep freezer for subsequent biochemical analysis and evaluation of hematological parameters, including red blood cell counts (RBC), white blood cell counts (WBC), hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean red blood cell hemoglobin content (MCH). Hematological indices were analyzed following the method described by [34]. One-third of the tissue was taken and fixed in Bouin solution, and one-third of the brain was extracted and kept at −20 • C to measure the biochemical indicators.…”

Fermented Astragalus membranaceus could promote the liver and intestinal health of juvenile tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)

“…Studies have shown that CHM may maintain the balance of intestinal microbiota, improve the immunity of aquatic animals, and enhance the host’s resistance to pathogen infection ( Pu et al, 2017 ; Meng et al, 2023 ; Yao et al, 2023 ). Active components of herbs are believed to improve nutrient digestibility, absorption, assimilation capacity, and digestive enzyme secretion, as well as maintain healthy intestinal microflora in fish ( Hoseinifar et al, 2020 ).…”

“…A large number of studies have reported the beneficial effects of Acanthopanax senticosus , Licorice root and Astragalus membranaceus (AM) in aquaculture ( Wu, 2020 ; Adineh et al, 2021 ; Meng et al, 2023 ). AM, a leguminous plant, is one of the most famous CHM that has various therapeutic effects such as anti-cancer, anti-virus, and immune regulation ( Yao et al, 2023 ). Studies have shown that dietary AM supplementation can significantly improve the physiological and nutritional status of fish ( Hoseinifar et al, 2020 ), such as catla ( Catla catla ) ( Harikrishnan et al, 2022 ), Channa argus ( Zhu et al, 2021 ), common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) ( Shi et al, 2022 ) and grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) ( Shi et al, 2021 ).…”