Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Tanaka, Keiichi; Ohtani, Shigeru; Shigeno, Kakichi

doi:10.2508/chikusan.54.470

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

1983

DOI: 10.2508/chikusan.54.470

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Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Keiichi Tanaka¹,

Shigeru Ohtani²,

Kakichi Shigeno³

Abstract: The effects of shifting diets on fatty acid synthesis, on lipogenic-related enzyme activities, and on lipoprotein and hormone-sensitive lipase activities in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of goats were investigated.Six non-lactating goats were divided equally into two groups.The first group was shifted to the high-concentrate diet for 3 weeks after it received the roughage diet for 3 weeks.The second group was given the opposite treatment.Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of each goat one hour be… Show more

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1989

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“…Another possibility is that the greater efficiency of energy utilization for fat gain in the steers given the concentrate diets was a consequence ofthe higher levels of insulin in these steers compared with those given the hay diet. Insulin is known to stimulate adipose tissue lipogenesis @ell 1980) and has been shown to stimulate the activity of Iipoprotein lipase (Tanaka et al 1983 …”

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Rate and Efficiency of Gain, Body Composition, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Blood Composition of Growing Holstein Steers Given Deits of Roughage or Concentrate

Bailey¹

1989

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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BAILEv, C. B. 1989. Rate To assess the effects ofdiet (roughage vs. concentrate) on energy utilization and protein metabolism, growing Holstein steers were given equal daily intakes of digestible energy from one ofthree diets: hay alone (diet l; 12% protein), 85% concentrate and 15 % hay (diet 2; 167o protein), and 85 % concentrate and 15 % hay (diet 3; l2Vo ptotein). The ratio of protein to digestible energy was the same in diets I and 2. At 100, 200, 300, 4O0, and 500 kg liveweight, estimates were obtained of digestibility and metabolizability of the diets, of weight of gastrointestinal digesta, of body composition based on the volume of distribution of tritiated water, of the concentration of a number of constituents in blood and of VFA in rumen fluid, of frac_tional degradation rate of skeletal muscle protein based on the urinary excretion of N'-methyl histidine, of the concentration of amrnonia in rumen fluid and bacterial urease associated with the reticulo-rumenal epithelium, and of the concentration of total protein, and of the myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein fractions, in skeletal muscle. As a proportion of the weight of the empty body, water and protein were higher and fat was lower in steers on diet I than in those on diets 2 and 3. Empty liveweight gain in the steers on the concentrate diets (diets 2 and 3) was 357o greater than in steers on the hay diet (diet 1), and steers on concentrate required only 73% as much metabolizable energy per unit empty liveweight gain and 57 % as much energy per unit energy gain as steers on hay. Daily gains of fat and energy were greater in the steers on concentrate than in those on hay and most of the extra gain of the steers on concentrate was aftributable to gain of fat. Steers on concentrate had lower levels of triglyceride and higher Ievels of insulin and glucose in blood, and higher levels of propionate and lower levels of acetate in rumen fluid, than did steers on hay. There were no diet effects on the composition of skeletal muscle nor on the fractional degradation rate of muscle protein.Nitrogen metabolism in the rumen, and associated effects on blood urea and urinary nitrogen excretion, were the same in steers on diets 1 and 2 but different for steers on diet 3. However, fecal nitrogen output was the same for steers on diets 2 and 3 but much higher in steers on diet 1. These results are consistent with the view that the higher rate of gain of fat in steers on concentrate, as compared with those on hay, was not due to effects on the availability of protein for productive purposes or on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, but was more likely to have been due either to lower rates of protein turnover in other tissues, such as those of the gastrointestinal tract, thus sparing energy for fat synthesis, or to a less efficient utilization ofthe energy available for fat synthesis. The latter possibility appears to be compatible with the finding of higher levels of circulating insulin in steers on the concentrate diets.Can. J. Anim. Sci. 69:707-725 (Sept. ...

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Rate and Efficiency of Gain, Body Composition, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Blood Composition of Growing Holstein Steers Given Deits of Roughage or Concentrate

Bailey¹

1989

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Rate and Efficiency of Gain, From Weaning to Slaughter, of Steers Given Hay, Hay Supplemented With Rumtnal Undegradable Protein, or Concentrate

Bailey¹

1989

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Holstein steers were given milk from birth until they reached a weight of 100 kg.Beginning at 60 kg, they received gradually increasing amounts of one of three different diets and these became their sole diet after milk was withdrawn. The three diets were: (a) 85% grass hay and 15% concentrate (group 1); @) the same diet with enough rumen undegradible protein (formaldehyde-treated canola meal) added to raise the crude protein content by l0 g kg-r (group 2); arrd (c) 85% concentrate and l5Va grass hay (group 3). The amounts of the three diets offered were designed to provide 0. ind of empty body protein, fat, and energy, were greater in steers in group 3 than in those in group 1. The extra gain of group 3 steers, compared with group I steers, was due largelyto gain of extra body fat. The overall efficiency of energy gain was 5O% greater in steers in group 3 than in those in group 1. Supplementing the forage diet (group 1) with rumen undegradable protein (group 2) increased daily empty liveweiglit gains by 13% and reduced the extra-maintenance energy requirement per unit weight gain bi 12% . Daily gains of carcass muscle, bone, and protein, and of empty body protein, were greater in steers in group 2 than in those in group 1. The extfa gain ofgroup 2 steers, compared with group I steers, was due largely to gain ofextra body protein and its associated water. There were no differences between steers in these two groups in efficiency of energy gain (energy gain per unit extra-maintenance energy intake). It was concluded that the higher energetic efficiency of empty body weight gain of steers in group 2, as opposed to those in group 1, was due to a higher ratJof net protein synthesis as a consequence of the increased amounts of protein absorbed from the intestine, and that the higher energetic efficiency of weight gain of steers given the concentrate diet (group 3), as opposed to those given the forage diet (group 1), was due to a higher efficiency of conversion of the energy-yielding products of digestion into fat.

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Effects of Diets on Lipogenic-Related Enzymes and on Lipoprotein and Hormone-Sensitive Lipases in the Adipose Tissue of Goats

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Rate and Efficiency of Gain, Body Composition, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Blood Composition of Growing Holstein Steers Given Deits of Roughage or Concentrate

Rate and Efficiency of Gain, Body Composition, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Blood Composition of Growing Holstein Steers Given Deits of Roughage or Concentrate

Rate and Efficiency of Gain, From Weaning to Slaughter, of Steers Given Hay, Hay Supplemented With Rumtnal Undegradable Protein, or Concentrate

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