Effects of diets with different energy and bile acids levels on growth performance and lipid metabolism in broilers

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bile acids (BAs) on the growth performance and lipid metabolism of broilers fed with different energy level diets. 480 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers (45.01 ± 0.26 g) were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of energy (basal or high-energy level) and 2 levels of BAs (with or without BAs supplementation), resulting in 4 groups of 8 replicates; the experiment lasted 42 d. High-energy diets decreased the feed/gain ratio (F/G) from 1 to 21 d (P < 0.05), and increased the liver index and abdominal fat percentage at 42 d (P < 0.05). The serum total triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 42 d were increased by high-energy diets (P < 0.05), while the hepatic lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity at 21 and 42 d was decreased (P < 0.05). BAs supplementation increased the body weight at 21 d and decreased the F/G during entire period (P < 0.05), as well as improved the carcass quality reflected by decreased abdominal fat percentage at 42 d and increased breast muscle percentage at 21 and 42 d (P < 0.05). The serum TG at 21 and 42 d were decreased by BAs (P < 0.05), and the hepatic LPL activity at 42 d was increased (P < 0.05). In addition, high-energy diets increased the expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase (P < 0.05), while BAs diets decreased these genes expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, BAs supplementation also increased the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (P < 0.05), which was increased in high-energy groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BAs supplementation could increase growth performance, elevate carcass quality, and improve lipid metabolism in broilers.

Effects of Bile Acids and Lipase Supplementation in Low-Energy Diets on Growth Performance, Fat Digestibility and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

“…Body weight gain was not changed by the supplementation of bile acids and lipase alone or in combination in LE diet during starter, finisher and the overall period. However, BW gain was more in LE diet compared to HE diet in starter and the overall period which is contrary to the findings of the previous researcher who reported that feeding low-energy diets reduced BW gain compared to highenergy diets during 14 d period (Zhao and Kim, 2017;Hu et al, 2018) and during the period of 28 to 35 d (Ge et al, 2018). In birds offered reduced energy diets, they probably compensated for lower energy intake per kilogram of feed.…”

“…Similarly, supplementation of bile acid and lipase alone or in combination in LE diet also did not affect relative organ weight and breast muscle yield of broilers. Similar organ weight and breast muscle yield of broilers in LE and HE diet are in agreement with the findings of Ge et al (2018) and Upadhaya et al (2019a) who reported that LE diet had no effect on liver, spleen, gizzard, abdominal fat, bursa of fabricius and breast muscle weight. Additionally, similar results were also reported by Corduk et al (2007) and Rabie et al (2010) who stated that carcass traits of broiler chicks remained unaffected by dietary energy level.…”

“…Supplementation of bile acids in broiler diet significantly improve the digestibility of fat (Nazir, 2014;Hemati Matin et al, 2016;Lammasak et al, 2019). Similarly, other studies (Ge et al, 2018;Lai et al, 2018a;Lai et al, 2018b) reported that the supplementation of bile acids improve daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and carcass yield in broilers.…”

Nutritional and physiological responses of broiler chickens to dietary supplementation with de-oiled soyabean lecithin at different metabolisable energy levels and various fat sources

“…Several studies have revealed that BW gain and feed efficiency were decreased by feeding low-energy diets, while feed intake was not affected (2,3) . This is similar to our finding that the ADG was lower and FCR was higher in the low-ME groups than the normal ME groups, which may be due to the fact that dietary energy being more easily utilised for chicken growth.…”

“…Metabolisable energy (ME) in the diet is a critical factor that greatly influences the intake of all other nutrients in the poultry species (1) . Moreover, the feed efficiency, growth performance and body composition of broiler chickens are likely to be influenced by the ME intake (2,3) . It was commonly believed that the high-ME diet for broiler chickens is produced by the addition of lipids (fats and oils) because lipids have the highest energy value compared with other nutrients (4) .…”