Effects of Different Dietary Protein Levels on the Growth Performance, Physicochemical Indexes, Quality, and Molecular Expression of Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)

Wang, Shihui; Tian, Jingwen; Jiang, Xiaona; Li, Chitao; Ge, Yuejing; Hu, Xuesong; Cheng, Lei; Shi, Xiaodan; Liu, Shi; Jia, Zhiying

doi:10.3390/ani13071237

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, the growth parameters were shown to increase with dietary protein levels up to 35% in another study (Barlaya et al, 2022). However, it is important to note that the relative GH expression of carp muscle significantly decreased with the increasing dietary protein level up to 310g/ kg in the Yellow River Carp study, and then it significantly increased (Wang et al, 2023).…”

Section: T4 (35%) Initialmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…DWG, TWG, WGR, RGR, MGR, and SGR were improved after dietary protein levels at a concentration (T2, 28%). A study on the Yellow River Carp demonstrated that the fish's WG and SGR were significantly influenced by the dietary protein level, with an ascending trend up to 250g/ kg (Wang et al, 2023). Another study found that increased dietary protein improved the growth of both growth hormone gene (GH) transgenic and non-transgenic carp (Guo et al, 2021).…”

Section: T4 (35%) Initialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Dietary Protein Content on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, and Length-Weight Relationship in Cyprinus Carpio During the Summer Season

Al Sulivany et al.

2024

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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An investigation was carried out to explore the effect of dietary protein on growth, feed utilization efficiency, condition factor, and lengthweight relationships in common carp (Cyprinus Carpio). 3600 C. carpio were sourced from a Mosul fish hatchery and transported to a private farm in Khanki township, where they were divided into four groups of 900 each. Following a day of acclimation, the fish were placed in 4× 4× 3m water culture ponds and fed diets with different protein concentrations (T1: 30%, T2: 28%, T3: 30%, and T4: 35%) for 90 days. From each group, twenty fish were selected for data collection. Results indicated that the growth parameters, such as daily weight gain, total weight gain, weight gain rate, relative growth rate, metabolic growth rate, and specific growth rate, were higher in fish fed a 28% protein diet (T1) compared to other protein concentrations (T1: 30%, T3: 26%, and T4: 35%). Nutrient utilization parameters, including daily feed consumption, total feed consumption, daily protein consumption, and total protein consumption, were elevated in fish fed with 35% protein (T3). T2 exhibited a significantly higher feed efficiency ratio and protein productive value compared to other diets. The feed conversion ratio was markedly decreased in fish fed a 28% protein diet (T2). Fulton condition factor and modified condition factor were significantly elevated (P< 0.05) with a 28% protein diet (T2), while the relative condition factor decreased. The length-weight relationships indicated isometric growth in T3 (26, 35%), allometric positive growth in T2 (28%), and negative growth in T1 (30%). In conclusion, the study highlighted the superior growth performance and nutrient utilization efficiency in common carp when fed a 28% protein diet (T2).

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Section: T4 (35%) Initialmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: T4 (35%) Initialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dietary Protein Content on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, and Length-Weight Relationship in Cyprinus Carpio During the Summer Season

Al Sulivany et al.

2024

Egypt. J. of Aquatic Biolo. and Fish.

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The Pathology and Blood Biochemistry of Juvenile Lates calcarifer on Diets Contaminated With Mycotoxins, Histamines and Rancid Fats—A Case Study

Kwok,

Domingos,

et al. 2024

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Mycotoxins, originating from contaminated raw materials or suboptimal feed storage, are a growing concern in tropical aquaculture. Common fungi such as Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. produce mycotoxins including aflatoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. High doses or prolonged exposure (weeks) to low doses of these mycotoxins (< 20 μg/kg) can depress growth, immunity, and cause mortality. This study investigated poor growth and low survival in juvenile Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer fed two different diets (FM40 and ABS3) for 5 weeks. Analysis of these diets revealed high peroxide values, multiple mycotoxins and high histamine levels. Fish fed the FM40 diet, which was contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (13.2 μg/kg), aflatoxin B2 (1.9 μg/kg), deoxynivalenol (29.5 μg/kg), alternariol (2.2 μg/kg), elevated peroxide value (45.91 mEq/kg), and histamine (129.51 mg/kg) developed mild bile duct hyperplasia, depressed total serum proteins (50.40 ± 10.06 g/L), markedly elevated blood potassium (8.2 ± 0.18 mmol/L), and heavy iron deposits in splenic melanomacrophage centres (Perl's stain) indicative of increased haemolysis. The presence of multiple cytotoxic mycotoxins in FM40 diet could explain the increased haemolysis and elevated blood potassium. In contrast, fish fed the ABS3 diet, which had high histamine levels (210.05 mg/kg), exhibited protein‐losing nephropathy with multifocal fibrin plugs (Martius scarlet blue stain) indicating acute renal damage, and elevated blood calcium and phosphorus levels. Histamine is metabolised and excreted through the kidneys and known to induce renal arteriolar constriction, disrupt glomerular filtration barrier and increase permeability resulting in protein loss. This study shows that blood biochemistry and histopathology are useful diagnostic tools for assessing the impact of mycotoxins and histamines on fish health.

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Effects of three different protein levels on the growth, gonad development, and physiological biochemistry of female Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) broodstock

Xiao,

Long,

Ding

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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A 56-days feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary protein levels on fish growth, gonad development, and physiological biochemistry of female Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) broodstock. Three isoenergetic diets were formulated, and the crude protein levels were 26.85%, 35.73% and 44.38%, the lipid levels were 7.39%, 7.92% and 7.91%, respectively. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR), the specific growth rate (SGR) and the protein efficiency ratio (PER) of the female Pengze crucian carp broodstock increased significantly and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased significantly when the dietary protein level was 35.73% (P < 0.05). The WGR, the SGR and the PER were significantly higher in the 35.73% and 44.38% protein groups than in the 26.85% protein group (P<0.05). Increasing dietary protein levels led to a significant increase in the gonad index and the egg menstrual length of the female Pengze crucian carp broodstock (P<0.05). The higher protein levels resulted in a significant increase in total amino acids, total essential amino acids, and total nonessential amino acids (P<0.05). The varying ovaries of each group of total saturated fatty acids, total highly unsaturated fatty acids, and total polyunsaturated fatty acids all increased significantly with increasing protein levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, the aspartate transaminase (AST), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in plasma were significantly lower in the 35.73% and 44.38% groups than in the 26.85% group (P < 0.05). The 35.73% group exhibited the highest plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,. The plasma vitellogenin (VTG), estradiol 2 (E2), and progesterone (PROG) in plasma of female Pengze crucian carp broodstock were significantly higher in the 35.73% and 44.38% protein groups than in the 26.85% protein group (P<0.05). The results showed that the addition of an appropriate amount of protein to the feed can significantly improve the growth, gonadal development, and health of female Pengze crucian carp. In this study, the effect of 35.73% protein concentration was better than in the other two groups.

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Effects of Different Dietary Protein Levels on the Growth Performance, Physicochemical Indexes, Quality, and Molecular Expression of Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Influence of Dietary Protein Content on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, and Length-Weight Relationship in Cyprinus Carpio During the Summer Season

Influence of Dietary Protein Content on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, and Length-Weight Relationship in Cyprinus Carpio During the Summer Season

The Pathology and Blood Biochemistry of Juvenile Lates calcarifer on Diets Contaminated With Mycotoxins, Histamines and Rancid Fats—A Case Study

Effects of three different protein levels on the growth, gonad development, and physiological biochemistry of female Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) broodstock

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