Effects of Different Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Inoculates on the Growth of Pinus tabulaeformis Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Lu, Nan; Meng, Yu; Cui, Ming; Luo, Zhi-Ming; Feng, Yue; Cao, Sen; Sun, Yali; Li, Yun

doi:10.3390/f7120316

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We studied the effect of ECMF and DSE inoculation on rhizosphere microbial community structure, C mic and soil enzyme activities of PWN infected P. tabulaeformis seedlings. Although ECMF inoculation can improve rhizosphere soil enzymatic activities (Lu et al, 2016), in our study, exogenous ECMF/DSE inoculation seemed to have no obvious effect on soil enzymatic activities. One explanation is that soil enzymatic activities might not be as sensitive in the relatively stable greenhouse conditions and small isolated pots as they would be in natural conditions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Inoculation With Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Dark Septate Endophytes Contributes to the Resistance of Pinus spp. to Pine Wilt Disease

et al. 2021

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Pine wilt disease (PWD) is a deadly disease to pines (Pinus spp.) worldwide. The occurrence of PWD can reduce the relative abundance of root ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). However, the effects of exogenous ECMF/DSE inoculation on the rhizosphere microbial community structure of Pinus tabulaeformis infected by pine wood nematode (PWN) is little known. Here, we tested how ECMF/DSE may improve resistance to PWD by quantifying microbial carbon biomass and soil enzymatic activity among different treatments at 6 and 9 months after PWN infection. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to study the microbial community structure at 3, 6, and 9 months after PWN infection in the rhizosphere of P. tabulaeformis seedlings inoculated with ECMF/DSE. The results showed that exogenous ECMF/DSE inoculation reduced the disease severity caused by PWN infection. After PWN infection, the rhizosphere microbial carbon of seedlings inoculated with Amanita vaginata, Suillus bovinus, Gaeumannomyces cylindrosporus, and Paraphoma chrysanthemicola was 38.16, 49.67, 42.11, and 96.05% higher than that of the control group, respectively. Inoculation of ECMF/DSE inhibited the decrease of rhizosphere microbial biomass caused by PWN infection. The richness and diversity of P. tabulaeformis rhizosphere fungi at 9 months were reduced by PWN infection but partially recovered by the exogenous fungi (ECMF/DSE) inoculation except for P. chrysanthemicola, which indicates a role of ECMF/DSE in maintaining stability of the microbial community. Inoculation with ECMF/DSE increased the beneficial bacterial (Thauera sp., Mesorhizobium sp., etc.) and fungal groups (Tomentella ellisii, Wilcoxina mikolae, etc.) of in the rhizosphere. In summary, exogenous ECMF/DSE inoculation could increase P. tabulaeformis resistance to PWD probably by improving the rhizosphere microenvironment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Inoculation With Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Dark Septate Endophytes Contributes to the Resistance of Pinus spp. to Pine Wilt Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Sucrase activity was determined spectrophotometrically at 508 nm. The protease activity was determined by ninhydrin colorimetry, expressed in milligrams of amino nitrogen in 1 g of soil cultured for 24 h in a 37 °C incubator [ 67 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercropping of Peanut–Tea Enhances Soil Enzymatic Activity and Soil Nutrient Status at Different Soil Profiles in Subtropical Southern China

Farooq

Kumar

et al. 2021

Plants

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Intercropping is one of the most widely used agroforestry techniques, reducing the harmful impacts of external inputs such as fertilizers. It also controls soil erosion, increases soil nutrients availability, and reduces weed growth. In this study, the intercropping of peanut (Arachishypogaea L.) was done with tea plants (Camellia oleifera), and it was compared with the mono-cropping of tea and peanut. Soil health and fertility were examined by analyzing the variability in soil enzymatic activity and soil nutrients availability at different soil depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, and 30–40 cm). Results showed that the peanut–tea intercropping considerably impacted the soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nutrient availability, and soil enzymatic responses at different soil depths. The activity of protease, sucrase, and acid phosphatase was higher in intercropping, while the activity of urease and catalase was higher in peanut monoculture. In intercropping, total phosphorus (TP) was 14.2%, 34.2%, 77.7%, 61.9%; total potassium (TK) was 13.4%, 20%, 27.4%, 20%; available phosphorus (AP) was 52.9%, 26.56%, 61.1%; 146.15% and available potassium (AK) was 11.1%, 43.06%, 46.79% higher than the mono-cropping of tea in respective soil layers. Additionally, available nitrogen (AN) was 51.78%, 5.92%, and 15.32% lower in the 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, and 30–40 cm layers of the intercropping system than in the mono-cropping system of peanut. Moreover, the soil enzymatic activity was significantly correlated with SOC and total nitrogen (TN) content across all soil depths and cropping systems. The depth and path analysis effect revealed that SOC directly affected sucrase, protease, urease, and catalase enzymes in an intercropping system. It was concluded that an increase in the soil enzymatic activity in the intercropping pattern improved the reaction rate at which organic matter decomposed and released nutrients into the soil environment. Enzyme activity in the decomposition process plays a vital role in forest soil morphology and function. For efficient land use in the cropping system, it is necessary to develop coherent agroforestry practices. The results in this study revealed that intercropping certainly enhance soil nutrients status and positively impacts soil conservation.

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“…Their dependency on symbiosis, hosting a wide range of ectomycorrhizal fungal species [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], is advantageous for their optimal growth and development under various natural environmental conditions [ 10 ]. The symbiotic effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi is well known for improving the growth of the host plants [ 9 ] with enhanced tolerance towards environmental stresses [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Studies have shown that Pinus species inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi display improved photosynthesis, water uptake, nutrient utilization, and immune system [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Insight into the Symbiotic Relationship of Pinus massoniana Lamb and Suillus luteus towards Developing Al-Stress Resistance

Liu

Chen²,

Ding³

et al. 2021

Life

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Global warming significantly impacts forest range areas by increasing soil acidification or aluminum toxicity. Aluminum (Al) toxicity retards plant growth by inhibiting the root development process, hindering water uptake, and limiting the bioavailability of other essential micronutrients. Pinus massoniana (masson pine), globally recognized as a reforestation plant, is resistant to stress conditions including biotic and abiotic stresses. This resistance is linked to the symbiotic relationship with diverse ectomycorrhizal fungal species. In the present study, we investigated the genetic regulators as expressed proteins, conferring a symbiotic relationship between Al-stress resistance and Suillus luteus in masson pine. Multi-treatment trials resulted in the identification of 12 core Al-stress responsive proteins conserved between Al stress conditions with or without S. luteus inoculation. These proteins are involved in chaperonin CPN60-2, protein refolding and ATP-binding, Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase precursor, oxidation-reduction process, and metal ion binding, phosphoglycerate kinase 1, glycolytic process, and metabolic process. Furthermore, 198 Al responsive proteins were identified specifically under S. luteus-inoculation and are involved in gene regulation, metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process, hydrolase activity, and peptide activity. Chlorophyll a-b binding protein, endoglucanase, putative spermidine synthase, NADH dehydrogenase, and glutathione-S-transferase were found with a significant positive expression under a combined Al and S. luteus treatment, further supported by the up-regulation of their corresponding genes. This study provides a theoretical foundation for exploiting the regulatory role of ectomycorrhizal inoculation and associated genetic changes in resistance against Al stress in masson pine.

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Effects of Different Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Inoculates on the Growth of Pinus tabulaeformis Seedlings under Greenhouse Conditions

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Inoculation With Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Dark Septate Endophytes Contributes to the Resistance of Pinus spp. to Pine Wilt Disease

Inoculation With Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Dark Septate Endophytes Contributes to the Resistance of Pinus spp. to Pine Wilt Disease

Intercropping of Peanut–Tea Enhances Soil Enzymatic Activity and Soil Nutrient Status at Different Soil Profiles in Subtropical Southern China

Proteomic Insight into the Symbiotic Relationship of Pinus massoniana Lamb and Suillus luteus towards Developing Al-Stress Resistance

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