Effects of different irrigation frequencies and incorporation of rice straw on yield and water productivity of wheat crop

Abstract

The current rapid increase in irrigation water consumption is considered unsustainable and threatens the world food production. Therefore, it is mandatory to promote modern techniques and to manage existing conventional irrigation methods. The present study was attempted to determine the effects of different irrigation frequencies and rice straw incorporation rates on yield and water productivity of the wheat crop. The experiment was arranged with randomize complete block design involving nine treatments (RS 0 I 7 , RS 0 I 15 , RS 0 I 22 , RS 1 I 7 , RS 1 I 15 , RS 1 I 22 , RS 2 I 7 , RS 2 I 15 and RS 2 I 22) under three replications. Results exposed that the incorporation of rice straw with different irrigation frequencies significantly improved physico-chemical properties of soil. Moreover, soil bulk density, infiltration rate, pH, electrical conductivity significantly decreased and soil porosity significantly increased under all treatments. Furthermore, maximum crop yield and crop water productivity of 7706.4 kg/hm 2 and 1.92 kg/m 3 respectively were found under RS 1 I 15 treatment. Based on experimental results it can be concluded that irrigation frequency and incorporation of rice straw had significant effects on the physico-chemical properties of soil, total grain yield and water productivity of the wheat crop. However, this study suggested that the wheat crop yield and water productivity could be increased by incorporating 1 t/hm 2 rice straw with 15 d of irrigation frequency.

Effect of deficit irrigation scheduling and planting pattern on leaf water status and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat

“…Nevertheless, considering the efficient use of limited water in NCP, the optimal deficit irrigation of winter wheat varies greatly, for instance, 60 mm (Fang et al, 2018), 75 mm (Ali et al, 2019), 135 mm (Wang et al, 2016), 165 mm (Dar et al, 2017) and 263 mm , which there is no uniform optimal irrigation standard yet until now. The results of several investigators also indicated that irrigation frequency had great effect on winter wheat yield and WUE (El-Hendawy et al, 2008;Pahlavan-Rad et al, 2011;Tunio et al, 2019). The grain yield and yield components in 60 mm irrigation each at grow stage of jointing (GS34) and heading (GS48, Zadoks et al, 1974) are higher than that in a single 120 mm irrigation, but tillers number and WUE decreased with the increasing irrigation frequency (Bian et al, 2016).…”

Comparison of nutrient use efficiency, antioxidant assay, and nutritional quality of butter-head lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in five cultivation systems

“…To analyze the physicochemical properties of soil, the samples were dried in the open air, grinded, and passed through a 2 mm mesh. Soil pH and ECe were measured as past extract with the help of a digital pH meter and ECe meter (ProfiLine pH 3110, WTW, Weilheim, Germany) with accuracies of 0.01 μS/cm, and 0.1 mS/cm, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and texture (hydrometer method) by hydrometer method [26] .…”

“…The nutrient use efficiency was observed after 10 d, 20 d, 30 d, and 40 d with the help of Equation (1) [26,28,29] .…”

Effect of irrigation regimes & levels of nitrogen on growth & yield of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Nevertheless, forced maturity brought on by high temperatures, inadequate water, nutrient and pest management, and yearly droughts in some areas of the nation have severely impacted the crop's growth and field. According to Tunio et al (2020) [8] , the growing season's increased moisture scarcity may have had a negative impact on plant growth and development, which could account for the low yield. Proteins, phytochromes, compounds, coenzymes, chlorophyll, and nucleic acids are all dependent on nitrogen Yadav et al (2018) [9] .…”