Effects of Different Irrigation Strategies on Soil Water, Salt, and Nitrate Nitrogen Transport

Abstract

Abstract:Intermittent irrigation has attracted much attention as a water-saving technology in arid and semi-arid regions. For understanding the effect of intermittent irrigation on water and solute storage varied from irrigation amount per time (IRA), irrigation application frequency (IRAF), irrigation intervals (IRI) and even soil texture (ST), intermittent irrigation experiment was carried out in 33 micro-plots in Inner Mongolia, China. The experiment results were used for the calibration and validation of HYDRUS-1D software. Then 3 ST (silty clay loam, silty loam, and silty clay), 5 IRA (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm), 4 IRAF (2, 3, 4, and 5 times) and 4 IRI (1, 2, 3, and 4 days) were combined and total 240 scenarios were simulated by HYDRUS-1D. Analysis of variance (ANVOA) of simulated results indicated that ST, IRA, and IRAF had significant effect on salt and nitrate nitrogen (NO3 --N) storage of 0-40 cm depth soil in intermittent irrigation while only ST affected soil water storage obviously. Furthermore, salt leaching percentage (SLP) and water use efficiency (WUE) of 0-40 cm depth were calculated and statistical prediction models for SLP were established based on the ANOVA using multiple regression analysis in each soil texture. Then constraint conditions of soil water storage (around field capacity), salt storage (smaller than 168 mg·cm -2 ), WUE (as large as possible) in 0-40 cm depth and total irrigation water amount (less than 25 cm) were proposed to find out the optimal intermittent irrigation strategies. Before sowing, the optimal irrigation strategy for silty clay loam soil was 6 cm IRA, 3 times IRAF, and 2 days IRI respectively. For silty loam and silty clay soils, IRA, IRAF, and IRI were 8 cm, 3 times, and 2 days respectively.

Soil Water and Salt Transport and its Influence on Groundwater Quality: A Case Study in the Kongque River Region of China

“…Because the subclay layer in the B-1 column is thick, the infiltration rate for irrigation water is small, and the variation of soil water content at depths of 35 cm and 85 cm (silty sand layer) has a noticeable lag, compared with that at the depth of 5 cm (sub-clay layer). Similar results were concluded in the previous studies [38][39][40][41]. In the B-1 column, the maximum soil water content occurs on the second day of each irrigation period.…”

HYDRUS Simulation of Sustainable Brackish Water Irrigation in a Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System in the North China Plain

“…Using HYDRUS-ID modeling coupled with a crop growth model for brackish water irrigation, Wang et al [31] found that winter wheat yield decreased by 10% and soil salinity increased above the initial value. Optimal irrigation strategies have also been determined with the joint use of HYDRUS-1D and statistical analysis of soil salt leaching under different irrigation regimes [32]. The objective of this study was to confirm the suitability of long-term irrigation with brackish water.…”

Sustainability of Waste Materials in Affinity with Ecologically Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Kosovo

“…Nakamura and Kondo, argue the issues related to product life cycles: The researched methods of input-output data endure weakness in conclusions, in continuity of research process that does not consider the natural countenance of the life circle [8]. Regarding the above conceptual facts, we argue that new challenges should stimulate new studies, environmentally safe processes, especially when the standard biogenic composition easily grasp into the groundwater is nitrogen, in the nitrate condition [9,10]. With the objectives towards the exploitation of all resources, in order to provide a better and higher quality of life.…”